Explanations for attachment
- Created by: amelia.jessie
- Created on: 18-04-20 18:04
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- Explanations for attachment
- Bowlby's monotropic theory
- Adaptive: attachments formed in genetics via natural selection to ensure infants stayed with caregivers to increase chances of survial
- Social releasers: species specific, innate attachment behaviour, such as crying (to get attention), smiling and vocalising (to maintain parental attention) and clinging and following to maintain proximity.
- Critical period: attachment must occur before the age of 3 years to be able to ever form attachments.
- Monotropy: there is an inbuilt tendency to make an attachment with one person, usually the mother.
- Internal working model: the attachment with the primary caregiver (usually the mother) is the template for future relationships.
- Classical conditioning (Dollard and Miller)
- Food = unconditiond stimulus Pleasure = unconditiond response
- Primary caregiver = neutral stimulus
- The primary caregiver feeds the infant becomes associated with food.
- Infant gains pleasure when with the primary caregiver
- Primary caregiver = conditioned stimulus Pleasure = conditioned response
- Operant conditioning (Dollard and Miller)
- When a baby is hungry it becomes distressed
- Feeding the baby will make it more comfortabl. Crying is learnt via negative reinforcement
- Over time, the pleasure of being fed becomes associated with the caregiver
- The baby has learnt to cry to get attention and feel pleasure around the primary caregiver
- Bowlby's monotropic theory
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