Enzyme Action
- Created by: Ellie Rivers
- Created on: 01-04-13 16:12
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- Enzyme Action
- they alter the rate of reaction
- an initial boost of energy is required to start the reaction
- globular proteins that act as catalysts
- they do not make reactions happen they just change the speed at which they do
- they can be reused and are effective in small amounts
- the minimum amount of energy needed to activate the reaction is called the activation energy
- Lock and Key theory
- one limitation is that the enzyme is a rigid structure
- enzymes are specific in the reactions that they catalyse
- the substrate has a complementary shape to the active site
- each substrate will only fit a specific active site
- enzymes work by lowering the activation energy
- enzymes allow the reaction to take place at a lower temperature
- Enzyme structure
- the enzyme has a small functional area called the ACTIVE SITE
- they are globular proteins with a specific 3-D structure
- the active site forms a small depression in the larger enzyme molecule
- the molecule on which the enzyme acts is called the SUBSTRATE
- the substrate fits into the active site forming am enzyme-substrate complex
- Induced Fit Model
- the enzyme puts a strain on the substrate, this strain distorts the bond
- the enzyme is flexible and can mould itself
- this lowers the activation energy needed to break the bond
- rather than being rigid, the enzyme changes shape to fit the substrate
- changes in the enzymes environment is likely to change its shape
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