Energy from respiration - B2
- Created by: chickpeatweet
- Created on: 17-04-14 10:33
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- Energy From Respiration
- Aerobic Respiration
- Aerobic respiration is the release of energy from food when oxygen is available
- Most of the reactions for aerobic respiration take place in mitochondria
- Controlled by enzymes
- Equation for aerobic respiration
- Glucose + oxygen - CO2 + water (+energy)
- Energy used for:
- Building larger molecules from smaller ones
- Enabling muscle contraction in animals
- Maintaining a constant body temperature
- Building sugars, nitrates and other nutrients into amino acids and then proteins in plants
- Rate of respiration can be measured by measuring the rise in temperature or the amount of carbon dioxide being produced
- The Effect of Exercise on the Body
- During exercise, muscles need more energy
- More glucose and oxygen need to be transported to the muscles
- This causes:
- Change in heart rate
- blood vessels dilate (widen) allowing more blood containing oxygen + glucose
- Change in breathing
- depth of breath increases allowing greater intake and release of gases
- Change in blood supply to the muscle cells
- blood vessels dilate (widen) allowing more blood containing oxygen + glucose
- Change in heart rate
- This causes:
- You need to remove waste carbon dioxide more quickly
- Muscles store glucose as glycogen
- This is converted back to glucose
- Anaerobic Respiration
- When muscles work hard for a long time they may have too little oxygen and get fatigued
- Muscles use anaerobic respiration when they're short of oxygen
- When muscles respire anaerobically they build up an oxygen dept
- Glucose is not broken down completely, making lactic acid instead of CO2 + water
- this can cause muscle fatigue
- blood flowing through muscles removes the acid
- Less energy released from glucose
- Oxygen Debt
- For the lactic acid to be broken down, you need a supply of oxygen
- the oxygen oxidises the acid into CO2 + water
- The extra oxygen need to break down the acid is the oxygen debt
- The fitter you are, the quicker you can burn of the acid
- Aerobic Respiration
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