Economic and social changes 1928- 39
- Created by: superlouasaur
- Created on: 09-04-15 09:20
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- Economic and social changes 1928- 39
- Five year plans
- First
- Reorganize and modernize soviet industry and agriculture
- In order to compete with the west
- Began October 1928
- Create a command economy in each factory
- Work to set targets by gosplan
- Concentrated on quantity not quality
- Production to be doubled
- On heavy industry
- Reorganize and modernize soviet industry and agriculture
- Second
- Mistakes of the first (high targets) were avoided
- Fear of invasion from the west increased
- Third
- Launched in 1938
- Abandoned when Germany invaded in June 1941
- Concentrated on household goods and luxuries
- Launched in 1938
- First
- Stakhanovites
- Record set by Alexei Stakhanov- dug 102 tonnes of coal in one shift
- Around 250,000 volunteers went to work in industrial plants every summer
- Used as propaganda- show it can be done
- Industries developed
- engineering, electrical power, tractors, iron, steel, chemicals, coal and oil
- Many of the figured were faked
- What went wrong?
- Targets increased- unrealistic
- People became disillusioned
- Cut a year short
- Transforming peasants into industry workers led to strict regulations being introduced in 1931
- No criticism accepted
- Why?
- Fear of invasion
- build and control armed forces
- Diplomatic isolation
- ensure victory
- Leadership
- Consolidate Stalin's position
- Remove other leading figures
- Political reasons
- Create a strong state built on communist principles
- Replace Nepmen (hated)
- Poor economy
- despite NEP production remained disappointing
- Outstrip the developed nations
- Fear of invasion
- Collectivisation
- Part of five year plans
- Solvkhozy
- State farm
- Land owned by the state
- Kolkhoz
- Groups of peasant families make up one farm
- Remove of the ownership of land by ordinary people
- Working and living conditions
- Crime, alcoholism + juvenile delinquency increased
- Harsh living and working conditions
- Prisoners in gulags
- Poorly paid
- Wages fell by 50%
- Millions died
- De-kulakisation
- Kulaks- better off peasants who had benefitted from Lenin's NEP
- Sent in dekulakisation squads
- Round up opponents of his policies
- Roughly 10 million people were deported in the war against the Kulaks
- Five year plans
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