DNA replication and protein synthesis
- Created by: vezting
- Created on: 28-03-16 11:15
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- DNA replication
- why
- DNA copies itself before cell divisions so that each new cell has correct amount of DNA
- replication
- 1: hydrogen bonds break
- 2: helix unzips and unwinds
- 3:each origional strand acts as a template
- 4: free floating nucleotides pari up with exposed bases by complementary base pairing
- 5: nucleotides on new strand are joined together by DNA polymerase
- 6: hydrogen bonds from between old strand and new strand
- 7: Each new DNA molceule is mad eup of 1 old strand and one new strand
- protein synthesis
- 1: mRNA is a copy of a gene, made in the nucleus.
- 2: at rRNA this is where the proteins are made
- mRNA attaches/ binds to rRNA
- tRNA brings a specific amino acid to the mRNA on the rRNA
- rRNA acts as an enzyme joining the amino acids together
- genes
- proteins are made from amino acids
- DNAcontains genes. the sequence of nucleotides codes for a protein
- each amino acid is coded by 3 nucleotide bases
- mutations
- change in base sequence of the DNA
- if the sequence in the bases changes, the amino acid it codes for will also be different
- this may alter the overall prtein and the 3D structure or the way it folds
- a non-functional protein could be produced
- why
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