The Development Gap
- Created by: GBushell
- Created on: 11-04-14 11:56
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- The Development Gap
- Differences in Development
- development means change generally for the better in geography
- factors that affect development: environmental factors, economic factors, social factors, political factors
- you can measure development in several ways e.g. wealth is measured with GDP and GNI
- GDP - (gross domestic produce) the total value of the goods and services produced by a country in a year
- GNI - (gross national income) same as GDP but also includes money earned from overseas
- Dividing up the World
- 2 countries can be compared easily using only one indicator however using more than measurement is a more accurate way of telling how developed a country is.
- you can divide the world by using the north-south Brandt line. showing a rich north and poor south
- using levels of income is a more accurate way of dividing up the world
- you can divide the world by using the north-south Brandt line. showing a rich north and poor south
- The human development index
- life expectancy
- education (literacy rate and numbers of yrs spent at school)
- GDP per capita
- Standard of Living and Quality of life
- standard of living refers to how much money people have = GDP per capita
- hundreds of people are living on a dollar a day or less
- hundreds of people are living on a dollar a day or less
- quality of life is whether people have a long and healthy life, knowledge and standard of living
- other aspects of quality of life are harder to measure, e.g. safe, clean environment, voting without interference, the right to privacy
- standard of living refers to how much money people have = GDP per capita
- Widening the Gap
- Environmental Factors: these include natural hazards like earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and hurricanes. Poorer countries tend to suffer most because they lack the money to prepare for, and recover from them
- Economic Factors: these include things like trade
- Political Factors: where the government does something to benefit the country - but it doesn't always have such a beneficial effect
- Social Factors: water availability impacts directly on the development gap because water isn't spread evenly around the world
- Trade and the Development Gap
- IMPORTS - the goods and services they buy from elsewhere
- EXPORTS - the things they sell to other countris
- TRADE BALANCE - the difference between imports and expotrs
- TRADE SURPLUS - where the country exports more than it imports = a country gets richer
- TRADE DEFICIT - where the country imports more than it exports = a country gets poorer
- Reducing the Gap
- most trade is controlled by the richer countries by using tariffs and quotas
- tariffs are taxes paid on imports
- quotas are precise limits on the quantity of goods that can be impoted
- free trade is where countries don't don't discourage, or restrict, the movement of goods with tariffs or quotas
- Trading groups - these are countries that have grouped together to increase the amount they trade between them, and the value of their trade.
- EU try to increase trade within the group, poorer countries from outside lose out and the development gap widens
- E.G. world trade organisation and fair trade
- Conservation Swaps - a way of tackling debt, and benefiting nature and conservation at the same
- most trade is controlled by the richer countries by using tariffs and quotas
- Differences in Development
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