Changing views on purpose of punishment 1700-90
- Created by: reneesimba
- Created on: 02-06-18 18:16
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- Describe how attitudes towards punishment change during 1750-1900
- Transportation to Australia
- The increase in crime rate, increased transportation. Once the criminals worked for 7 years providing free labour to build infrastructure, most eventually stayed as they could not afford to return
- Transportation ended in 1806: as
- Australia no longer needed forced labourers (discovery of gold made it more attractive) and it did not want criminals
- Some felt it was too expensive and not a strong enough deterrent. Others felt it was too harsh and bigger impact on families
- More prisons had been built and prison increasingly used
- Factors that changed views on the purpose of punishment
- Rapidly growing crime rates led the government to increase the bloody code. Numbers of crime punishable by death peaked at 222 in 1810
- It became apparent that it was not working and that aims of punishment had to be evolved from deterrence and retribution . Many started to believe:
- Punishments should be equal to crime commited
- Corporal and capital punishments were inhumane except for serious crimes
- Punishment should also be about rehabilitation
- This led to decrease in death penalty and end of bloody code and increase in use of alternative punishments. This helped lead to ending of public executions in 1868
- It became apparent that it was not working and that aims of punishment had to be evolved from deterrence and retribution . Many started to believe:
- Punishments should be equal to crime commited
- Corporal and capital punishments were inhumane except for serious crimes
- Punishment should also be about rehabilitation
- It became apparent that it was not working and that aims of punishment had to be evolved from deterrence and retribution . Many started to believe:
- Prison and reform
- Condtions in 18th cent prisons were very poor but that was the point of the punishment
- Many bellieved the conditions should be poor with hard labour but some believed in prison reform to increase likelihood of rehab
- John Howards work led to 1774 Gaol Act, improving sanitation and health in prisons. Elizabeth Fry began visiting women in Newgate Prison 1813. Set up education classes to reform females. She also got them better food and clothes. This influenced Peel's prison reforms
- Transportation to Australia
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