Demography (Topic 5)

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  • Created by: lou9119
  • Created on: 22-05-17 14:14
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  • Demography
    • the term used for the study of population.
    • Migration and Globilisation
      • Globalisation= the growing interconnectedness of societies across the world through travel or media.
      • Push and Pull factors
        • Push = war, famine, unemployment etc.
        • Pull= better jobs, higher standard of living etc.
      • Effects of globilisation
        • More immigration from the EU
        • More undocumented workers/ 'illegal immigrants'
        • More asylum seekers
        • Cultural diversity
        • Changing family sizes and structures
      • Pattern of migration:
        • 1900-2000
          • 1930s until 1945 saw peak due to World War 2 (white). 1950s from former British colonies (back and Asian)
        • 2000s
          • 15% British citizens. 40% European Union. 15% New commonwealth. 10% Old commonwealth.
          • Impact of migration from 2001:
            • This has led to a number of EU countries putting stricter regulations on immigration.
            • More political parties who are anti-immigrant across Europe.
            • Growing distrust of migrants.
    • Natural Population Change in the UK
      • Greater life expectancy. Fall in death rate and falling birth rate; slowing down population growth.
        • Infant mortality rate has also fallen.
        • Explanations:
          • Improved hygiene, sanitation and medicine.
          • Higher living standards.
          • Public healthy and welfare.
          • Health Education
          • Improved working conditions
      • Some 'baby booms' after the two world wars.
      • Ageing Population
        • The average age of the population is getting higher.
        • Advantages:
          • Boost to the economy
          • Social cohesion and community involvement
          • Less crime
          • Family support
        • Disadvantages:
          • Burden of dependence and 'pensions timebomb'
          • Poverty and family hardship
          • Loss of labour force
          • One-person households
          • Family stress
          • Burden on the NHS
          • Care is given to women
          • Housing shortages
    • The Decline in Birth rate, fertility rate and family size
      • Reasons
        • Contraception
        • Compulsory education
        • Rising costs of having children
        • Role of women
        • Welfare state
        • Geographical mobility
        • Changing values and stigma

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