Demographic Transition Model

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  • Demographic Transition Model
    • Demographic = people
    • transition = change
    • model = simplified version
    • STAGE ONE
      • e.g tribal communities
      • High fluctuation - population
      • birth and death rate are high. lots of fluctuation
      • REASONS
        • limited birth control
        • high infant mortality
          • birth defects/ complications
        • high incidences of disease
    • STAGE TWO
      • e.g Somalia (LIC's)
      • early expanding - population
      • birth rates are high.
      • death rate falling rapidly
      • REASONS
        • improved medical provisions
        • vaccines
        • improved public health
          • infant mortality slightly improved
          • birth rates still high
    • STAGE THREE
      • e.g Nigeria (NEE's)
      • late expanding - population
      • population increase slows down
        • birth rates start to fall
        • death rates continue to fall
      • REASONS
        • emancipation for women
          • womens education has improved and careers are are put as priority
            • kids later not not at all
        • preference for smaller families
          • understood that it is expensive
          • contraception is funded and more accessible
          • children not required to work
    • STAGE FOUR
      • e.g UK (HIC's)
      • low fluctuation of population
      • small growth
        • steady population
          • low birth rate
          • low death rate
      • REASONS
        • material possessions are more desired
        • women in work force
          • highly motivated in careers
        • outstanding health care
          • safe abortions and lots of contraception and education of sex ed
    • STAGE FIVE
      • decline - population
      • only place: Italy
      • reducing population
        • death rate higher than birth rate
        • birth rate slowly decreasing
      • REASONS
        • rise in concept of childlessness
          • less desire for children
        • greater financial independence
        • ageing population

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