Geography

Birth Rate - The Number of live babies born per thousend of the population per year.

Death Rate - The number of deaths per tousend of the population per year.

Natural increase is when the birth rate is higher than the death rate. Natural decrease is when the death rate is higher than the birst rate.

Birth/death rates differ from country to country.

Migration - The movement of people from one area to another.

Population Growth also changes within a country over time.

As a country develops the birth/death rates change.

For example as a counrty develops the healthcare may increase causing a lower death rate.

As countries become more developed the population changes and the country moves through the stages of the demographic transition model (DTM).

Less developed countries are in the earlier stages of the DTM (2-3).

More developed countries are in the later stages of the DTM (4-5).

As countries population structure is how many people there are in each age group of the population.

This kind of data can be shown using a population pyramid.

Population structure differs from country to country and changes as a country develops.

The higher the top bar of the pyramid, the better the life expectancy.

If there is a buldge or dip, this can mean that people have either joined or left the country.

The bottom few bars can tell us about the birth rate of a country.

As a country moves through the DTM its birth/death rates change.

Stage 1

Birth rate is high

Death rate is high

Population growth is zero

Life expectancy is low

Stage 2

Birth rate is high

Economy is based on agriculture

Deathrate falls

Life expectancy has grown.

Stage 3

Birth rate is falling

Better education

Economy becomes industry

Death rate falls

Life expectancy increases

Stage 4

Birth rate is low

Less money available for children

Death rate is low

Life expectancy is high

Stage 5

Birth rate is slowly falling

Wealth improves

Death rate is low

Population growth is negative

More older people than younger people