Comparisons in explaining behaviour
- Created by: aisha_786
- Created on: 18-08-17 12:01
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- Comparisons in explaining behaviour
- Social
- Obedience
- S.I.T
- (+) Research evidence supporting it. Milgram's variation studies (lab coat)
- (-) Oversimplifies the interactions between individuals. Therefore the theory is reductionist
- Supporting studies: Milgram's variation studies
- Agency Theory
- (+) Has practical application, can be used to understand historical genocides & atrocities
- (-) Isn't credible as agency and autonomy can't be measured. Therefore, it can't be objectively tested
- Supporting studies: Milgram's original experiment
- S.I.T
- Prejudice
- Realistic Conflict Theory
- (+)Provides a more complex explanation of how prejudice works
- (-)There is evidence to prove that prejudice may occur without competition
- Supporting studies: Serif's Robber caves (12 boys)
- Social Identity Theory
- (+) There's evidence to support the idea that social categorisationalone can cause prejudice to occur
- (-) The theory doesn't take individual differences into account when explaining prejudice
- Supporting studies: Tajfel &Turner
- Realistic Conflict Theory
- Obedience
- Cognitive
- How memory is split up
- MSM
- (+) It provided a foundation for other research to take place investigating how memory is stored
- (-) Lacks physical presence therefore it isn't scientific
- Working Memory Model
- (+) Has practical application as explanations for Alzheimer's patients
- (-) Studies lack ecological validity as tasks involve mainly visual or sound but in reality we use both
- MSM
- How memory works
- Episodic & Semantic memory
- (+) Objective research (brain scans) show damage to the prefrontal cortex causes damage to semantic but not episodic. Therfore empirical data to prove they are stored separtely
- (-) However HM and Clive Wearing show another store called procedural memory, suggesting there may be more other, more appropriate theories
- Reconstructive memory
- (+) Has research evidence that (Bartlett) shows people use schemas to fill in missing info in the story therefore is a good explanation .
- (-)Lacks ecological validity because it had little relevance to everyday memory so it is a bad explanation
- Episodic & Semantic memory
- How memory is split up
- Learning
- Behaviour
- Operant Conditioning
- (+) It is used in society with great effect. This suggests that it is a good way of explaining behaviour as it has observable outcomes that show it works.
- (-) Operant conditioning does not consider biological factors such as the CNS, hormones, etc that could explain behaviour. This suggests that it is reductionist and therefore not a strong explanation.
- Social Learning Theory
- (+) SLT is credible as it has observable behaviour. It can also be researched in a way that illustrates a strong cause and effect relationship, suggesting that the theory is scientific.
- (-) The mental processes of attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation are not directly observable, suggesting that the cognitive processes associated with SLT are not credible.
- Supporting study: Bandura
- Classical Conditioning
- (+) Researching classical conditioning requires all extraneous variables to be controlled, allowing a strong cause and effect relationship to be determined as the outcome behaviour is observable and credible.
- (-) There may be mental process and individual differences that may occur which dictate how an individual behaves, suggesting that classical conditioning may not be generalizable as an explanation of behaviour.
- Supporting study: Pavlov
- Operant Conditioning
- Behaviour
- (...therefore this theory is/isn't a good explanation for...)
- Biological: Aggression
- Hormones
- (+) Hormones are credible as they have physical subject matter therefore it is scientific
- (-) Hormones reduce aggressive behaviour to the levels of hormones in the body and do not consider environmental impact on behaviour, suggesting that this explanation is reductionist.
- Evolution and genes
- (+) Evolution is more holistic as it acknowledges the role of the environment & cultural impacts in terms of the EEA & sexual selection
- (-)
- Hormones
- Social
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