Coastal Change and Conflict
Coasts
Teacher recommended
?- Created by: Sophie
- Created on: 28-05-13 19:05
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- Coastal Change and Conflict
- Erosion
- Abrasion
- Bits of rock and sand in waves grind down cliff surfaces like sandpaper
- Attrition
- Waves smash rocks & pebbles on the shore into each other; they break & become smoother
- Hydraulic Action
- Breaking waves compress pockets of air in cracks in cliffs, the pressure may cause the crack to widen and for bits to break off
- Abrasion
- Factors Affecting Wave Power
- Fetch=the distance travelled
- Time=how long the wind blows for
- The strength of the wind
- Types of Coast
- Concordant; 1 type of rock
- Discordant; 2 types of rock
- Management
- Hard engineering
- Sea Wall
- £2000, ugly, could restrict access
- Absorbs wave energy, effective
- Groynes
- Costly to maintain, could increase erosion further down coast
- Prevents movement of lsd along the coast, allows build up of beach
- Rock Armour
- Allow build up of beach, absorbs energy
- Costly to transport
- Sea Wall
- Soft engineering
- Beach replenishment
- Adding sand taken from somewhere else
- Cheap, looks natural
- Requires constant maintenance
- Adding sand taken from somewhere else
- Beach drainage
- Remove seawater from beneath the beach
- Allows build up of beach
- Lowers water table
- Allows build up of beach
- Remove seawater from beneath the beach
- Managed Retreat
- Areas allowed to erode naturally
- Cheap, encourages development of beaches
- Loss of buildings and farmland
- Areas allowed to erode naturally
- Beach replenishment
- Hard engineering
- Landforms
- Caves, arches, stacks and stumps
- Hyraulic action opes up crack and gets bigger then collapses
- Wave-cut-platform
- Platform under cliff
- Bar
- Where a spit grows across a bay, can form lagoon
- Bay
- Where waves have erodded softer rock
- Tombolo
- A spit joining an island to the mainland
- Caves, arches, stacks and stumps
- Deposition
- Longshore Drift
- Waves approaching the coast at an angle due to swash & backwash resulting in zigzag movement of material along the beach
- Spit
- Longshore drift, if coast changes direction where material is depositied over an open stretch of water
- Longshore Drift
- Erosion
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