classifying coasts
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- Created on: 04-05-19 10:14
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- classifying coasts
- role of geology
- geology
- resistant coastlines - e.g. Cornwall
- withstand winter storms without suffering from rapid erosion
- from the atlantic ocean
- older rock
- resistant to erosive power
- could lead to differential erosion
- igneous e.g. Granite
- Older compacted sedimentary rock e.g. Old red sandstone
- metaphoric rock e.g. Slate and Schists
- resistant to erosive power
- withstand winter storms without suffering from rapid erosion
- coastal plains
- younger sedimentary rocks
- chalks
- clay
- sand/sandstone
- low, flat relief
- the wash
- younger sedimentary rocks
- resistant coastlines - e.g. Cornwall
- coastal morphology
- concordant
- e.g. Isle of Purbeck (Southern Coast) - Lulworth Cove
- Purbeck Limestone - resistant **** weaknesses joints (Headland)
- Wealden beds - mainly unconsolidated clay less resitant
- Chalk - strong and resistant to erosion - formed cliffs and headlands
- Wealden beds - mainly unconsolidated clay less resitant
- Purbeck Limestone - resistant **** weaknesses joints (Headland)
- e.g. Isle of Purbeck (Southern Coast) - Lulworth Cove
- Discordant
- e.g Isle of Purbeck (Eastern Coast)
- The Foreland - created Headlands
- chalk
- swanage bay - breated bays
- unconsolidated clay
- The Foreland - created Headlands
- e.g Isle of Purbeck (Eastern Coast)
- concordant
- geology
- high energy coastlines
- erosional landforms
- headlands
- cliffs
- shoreline platform
- high energy environment
- In UK from Atlantic facing-coasts - powerful waves
- coast of cornwall
- high
- rate of erosion exceeds rate of deposition
- powerful waves
- In UK from Atlantic facing-coasts - powerful waves
- erosional landforms
- low energy coastlines
- less powerful waves
- landforms
- beaches
- spits
- coastal plains
- low flat relief
- balance between erosion and deposition
- dominate process creates landform
- longshore drift (deposition)
- angle at which waves apporach the beach
- tides
- tidal range - relative difference between high and low tide
- current
- longshore drift (deposition)
- erosional landforms
- cliffs
- stacks and stumps
- shoreline platform
- headland and bays
- cuspate foreland
- erosional processes
- Abrasion/corrasion
- waves pick up material chip away at the cliff foot
- Hydraulic action
- water compresses into cracks
- forms joints and cracks
- water compresses into cracks
- Corrasion
- weak acid in water dissolves alkine rock
- attrition
- rock particles collide and leads to abrasion
- Abrasion/corrasion
- depositional landforms
- cuspate foreland
- beach
- swash aligned
- drift aligned
- spit
- recurved spit
- double spit
- bars
- offshore bar
- barrier beaches
- Tombolos
- stabilisng depositonal landforms
- sandunes
- salt marshes
- Marine Transport (Coastal sediment)
- Traction
- large and heavy rocks roll along sea bed
- saltation
- smaller and lighter rocks 'bounce' along the seabed
- suspension
- lighter sediment carried by water
- solution
- dissolved sediment
- Traction
- dominate process creates landform
- sea level change
- Eustatic Change
- when the sea level itself rises or falls
- glacial periods - preciptation falls as snow forms ice sheets that store water - leads to Sea level falls
- end of glacial period - ice sheets melt
- stored water falls in rivers and the sea and the sea level rises
- end of glacial period - ice sheets melt
- glacial periods - preciptation falls as snow forms ice sheets that store water - leads to Sea level falls
- global
- when the sea level itself rises or falls
- Isostatic Change
- land rises or falls relative to the sea
- glacial period the weight of the sheets makes theladn sink (isostatic subsidence)
- As ice begins to melt end of period its weight lets land rise (isostatic recovery)
- UK- Isostatic recovery - land in north and west in rising during last ice age
- UK - south and east - Rivers pour water and sediment into the thames estuary. the weight of sediment causes the crust to sink and relative sea levels to rise
- UK - south and east - Rivers pour water and sediment into the thames estuary. the weight of sediment causes the crust to sink and relative sea levels to rise
- land rises or falls relative to the sea
- Past tectonic Activity
- local titlting of land
- uplift of mountain ranges and coastal land at destructive and collision plate margins
- emergent coastline landforms (fall in sea level)
- raised beach (isostaic recovery)
- relic cliffs
- raised beach (isostaic recovery)
- submergement land forms
- Rias
- Dalmation coastlines
- formed by concordant coastlines
- Fjords
- Eustatic Change
- role of geology
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