Internal factors of class differences
- Created by: charl_w
- Created on: 15-03-15 17:53
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- Class differences in achievement (internal factors)
- Labelling
- Meanings or definitions we attach to people. Example-m/c pupils labelled as 'bright' or motivated'.
- Becker (1961) argues that teachers label m/c children as 'ideal pupils' and prefer to teach them to w/c kids.
- Keddie found that teachers that taught high ability streams were taught abstract, theoretical, high status knowledge.
- Keddie found that teachers who taught lower ability streams were given descriptive, status knowledge.
- Meanings or definitions we attach to people. Example-m/c pupils labelled as 'bright' or motivated'.
- The Self-Fulfilling Prophecy.
- Step 1.) The teacher labels a pupil (e.g as being intelligent) and on the basis makes predictions about him. (he will make good academic progress).
- Step 2.) Teacher treats the pupil accordingly acting as the prediction is true already. (e.g giving him more attention and expecting high expectations of work)
- Step 3.) The pupil becomes the teachers expectation and the prediction is fulfilled.
- Step 2.) Teacher treats the pupil accordingly acting as the prediction is true already. (e.g giving him more attention and expecting high expectations of work)
- Teachers create a self-fulfilling prophecy through labels.
- Step 1.) The teacher labels a pupil (e.g as being intelligent) and on the basis makes predictions about him. (he will make good academic progress).
- Streaming
- Extreme and institutionalised form of labelling.
- Streaming involves separating children into different ability groups.
- Each stream is taught separately.
- Self fulfilling prophecy is likely to occur when children are streamed.
- w/c kids are likely to be lower streams. Once placed in this stream its hard to move up. Children are locked onto teachers low expectations of them.
- M/C pupils benefit from this. Placed in high streams and develop positive attitudes, confidence and improve grades.
- Pupil Subcultures
- Pro-school subcultures.
- Pupils placed in high streams (m/c usually) remain committed to values of school.
- Gain status through academic success. Value school.
- Anti-school subcultures
- Usually w/c.
- Suffer loss of self esteem; school has undermined their self-worth by giving them an inferior status.
- Label of failure push them to gain alternative ways of gaining status such as rebelling from rules.
- Truanting, not doing work, smoking and drinking.
- Pro-school subcultures.
- Marketisation and selection policies
- Education Triage
- System wear schools ration their time, effort and resources, concentrating on pupils having potential to get 5 A*-C's to boost schools league table.
- Pupils
- Triage
- Hopeless cases.
- Borderline C/D pupils targeted for extra help.
- Those who will pass anyway.
- Triage
- Education Triage
- Labelling
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