Childhood
- Created by: Gcostin
- Created on: 21-02-18 14:20
View mindmap
- Childhood
- Childhood as a social construct
- childhood is a social construct
- cross cultural differences
- societies- different classes
- historically
- Cross-cultural differences
- Benedict
- non-industralised societies treat children differently to western societies
- more responsibility at home and work
- less value placed on obedience to adult authority
- childrens sexual behaviour is often viewed differently
- Childhood in the west
- a special, innocent time of life
- children are fundamentally different to adults
- protected period of nurturing and socialisation
- a distinct stage of life
- Pilcher-key feature of modern idea of children is separetedness
- Cunningham- children are opposite of adults, with the right to happiness
- childhood is a social construct
- Historical differences in childhood
- in medieval Europe the idea of childhood did not exist
- work began from an early age
- Children were mini adults
- children were not seen as having a different nature from adults
- Aries
- emergence of cult of childhood
- Shorter
- parental attitudes were different- high child death rates encourages neglegt
- modern notion of children emerged in 13th century
- school specialised in education of the young
- church saw children as fragile "creatures of god"
- distinction between adults and childrens clothing
- Why has the position of children changed?
- lower infant mortality rates and smaller famillies
- specialist knowledge about children's health- stressed children need supervision
- Laws banning child labour- 1840's onward
- Compulsory schooling- 1880
- Child protection and welfare act
- idea of child rights- children act(1989)
- laws about social behaviour- children can't smoke
- industrialisation needed an educated workforce
- in medieval Europe the idea of childhood did not exist
- The future of childhood
- Postman
- children are becoming like adults
- television replacing print culture
- print culture: children lacked literacy skills to access knowledge about sex, money, illness
- Television culture: makes information available to adults and children. Boundaries have weakend
- over emphasises single factors- rising living standards
- Opie
- childhood is not dissapearing
- a separate children's culture exists, games, songs, jokes
- childhood based on separate life stage, based on nuclear family
- childhood is not disappearing its spreading
- childhood in post modernity
- Jenks
- childhood was created to prepare individuals to be productive adults
- critises Postmans: childhood is changing not disappearing
- adults relationships are more unstable- relationships with children are a refuge from insecurity
- Jenks
- Postman
- Has the position of children improved?
- the march of progress view
- child-centred families
- children are better cared for in terms of education, physciological, medical needs
- infant mortality rate lower
- higher living standards and smaller famillies means parents can afford to care for children
- children are protected from child abuse and child labour
- toxic childhood
- Palmer- rapid techonlogical development and cultural changes are damaging childrens developments
- junk food, computers
- UK youth are at top of leauge tables for obesity, self harm
- UNICEF ranked uk 21st out of 25 for children's wellbeing
- not all children are effected by these trends
- Palmer- rapid techonlogical development and cultural changes are damaging childrens developments
- conflict view
- marxist and feminsits aruge march of progress view is over generalised and an idealised image
- ignores inequality among children
- inequalities between children
- gender differences- girls do more housework
- Ethnic differences- asian parents are stricter
- class inequalities- poor children more likely to die in infancy/do worse at school
- marxist and feminsits aruge march of progress view is over generalised and an idealised image
- Age patriarchy
- Gittins
- adults domination that keeps children subordinate
- adults excerise control over childrens time
- forced to be economically dependant
- adults domination that keeps children subordinate
- may resist this restriction by rebelling- smoking, using drugs
- Hockley and James
- modern children want to escape
- Gittins
- new sociology of childhood
- seeing children as socially constucted risks seeing children as passive objeccts
- Active agents: children play a parrt in creating their own childhoods
- Smart: study of divorce found children were not passive
- multipule childhoods
- diverse childhoods
- the march of progress view
- Childhood as a social construct
Comments
No comments have yet been made