(unfinished) Chemistry A2 complete mindmap

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  • Created by: Emily
  • Created on: 21-05-14 18:10
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  • Chemistry A2 OCR
    • F325
    • F324
      • Benzene Rings
        • Benzene
          • Delocalised pi electron system is formed by sideways overlap of p-orbitals
            • Each carbon atom donates a pair of electrons
            • Rings of high electron density above and below the plane of carbon atoms
          • Comparing relative electron densities and reactivity
            • Benzene Rings
              • Benzene
                • Delocalised pi electron system is formed by sideways overlap of p-orbitals
                  • Each carbon atom donates a pair of electrons
                  • Rings of high electron density above and below the plane of carbon atoms
                • Comparing relative electron densities and reactivity
                  • Phenol
                    • Phenol - lone pair of electrons on oxygen atom contributed to benzene ring, giving it a higher electron density, which allows it to polarise Br2
                    • Behaves as weak acid
                      • Proton can be donated to amines, carbonates, and bases
                      • Reacts in typical acid-base reactions, forms phenoxide salts
                    • Is reagent in coupling reaction
                    • rects with bromine at RTP to form 2,4,6-tribromophenol
                      • Observations = orange colour disappears, white precipitate forms
                  • Benzene - electrons delocalised
                  • Cyclohexane - electrons are localised around pi bond, polarises Br2 molecule and reacts by electrophilic addition
                • Nitration of benzene
                  • Requires HNO3,  H2SO4 catalyst and 55 degrees temp
                  • H2SO4 + HNO3 -> HSO4- + H2O + NO2+
                    • Generates electrophile
                • Halogenation of benzene
              • Phenol
                • Phenol - lone pair of electrons on oxygen atom contributed to benzene ring, giving it a higher electron density, which allows it to polarise Br2
                • Behaves as weak acid
                  • Proton can be donated to amines, carbonates, and bases
                  • Reacts in typical acid-base reactions, forms phenoxide salts
                • Is reagent in coupling reaction
                • rects with bromine at RTP to form 2,4,6-tribromophenol
                  • Observations = orange colour disappears, white precipitate forms
            • Benzene - electrons delocalised
            • Cyclohexane - electrons are localised around pi bond, polarises Br2 molecule and reacts by electrophilic addition
          • Nitration of benzene
            • Requires HNO3,  H2SO4 catalyst and 55 degrees temp
            • H2SO4 + HNO3 -> HSO4- + H2O + NO2+
              • Generates electrophile
          • Halogenation of benzene
      • Carbonyl Compounds
      • Analysis
      • Polymers
      • Amines
        • Amino acids
          • Polymers
          • Contains a carboxylic acid group
          • Contains an amino group
          • Exists as a zwitterion at it's isoelectric point
            • COOH donates proton to NH2 group
        • Nitrogen atom on amino group has lone pair which can be donated to an acid
          • Behaves as base
        • Behaves as base

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