CHANGES IN SOCIETY 1924-29

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  • Created by: Zahra1805
  • Created on: 26-09-21 18:25
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  • CHANGES IN SOCIETY 1924-29  GOLDEN AGE
    • POSITION OF WOMEN
      • POLITICS
        • -1919= women over 20 given the vote (Weimar elections, 90% women voted)  -1926= 32 women deputies in Reichstag  -1932= 112 women (almost 10%) elected in Reichstag  -Article 109 = equal rights, equal pay, equal opportunities
      • LEISURE
        • -Went out unescorted, drank & smoked in public, fashion conscious (shorter skirts), short hair, makeup
        • 'New women'- common but some against as it threatened traditional aspects. -BIRTH RATE:  1913= 128 live births yearly per 1000 women. 1915= 80 live births.  DIVORCE RATE:  1913= 27 divorces a year per 100,000 ppl.  1920's = 60
      • EMPLOYMENT
        • 1918= 75% in work but 1925= 36%  -Only civil servants received equal pay (despite A109)  -1933= only 36 female judges
        • -Booming retail & service sectors = more jobs  -DOCTORS: 1925=2500  1932=5000   1933= 100,00 w teachers & 3000 w doctors
    • STANDARD OF LIVING
      • WAGES
        • -Real wages (value of goods that wages bought) increased every year after 1924, rose by 25% from 1925-28 -1928= G had some of best payed workers in Europe
      • HOUSING
        • 1924-31= Over 2mill houses built  -by 1928 homelessness reduced by over 60%   -1923= 1mill home shortage, so in 1925 15% rent tax to fund building associations.  -1925-29 = 37,000 homes from private companies & 64,000 built by new building associations, GEHAG(an association) built almost 10,000 new houses in Berlin  -Still a housing shortage but eased by 1928
      • UNEMPLOYMENT
        • UNEMPLOYMENT INSURANCE ACT 1927= charged 16,400,000 workers 3% of their wage for return of average 60 marks per week in unemployment & sickness benefits = national scheme for unemployment welfare
      • OTHER
        • 1920- Reich Pension Law = pensions payed through 20's to 750,000 war veterans, 400.000 war widows, 200,000 parents of dead servicemen
        • EDUCTAION- Before WW1= 70,000 in higher education. -1928= 110,000
    • CULTURAL CHANGES
      • ART
        • EXPRESSIONALISM, NEUE SACHLICHKEIT (new objectivity)  -Otto Dix (harsh life & falling standards)  -George Grosz= painted 'Grey Day'(boredom of most ppl's lives
      • CINEMA
        • -Fritz Lang= Metropolis 1927 (most technically advanced film of decade)  -Marlene Dietrich= G actress, most popular film star in world -The Cabinet of Dr.Caligari=world's 1st horror film
        • -1930= G 1st sound film  -1932= 3800 G cinemas showing film with sound
      • ARCHITECTURE
        • MODERNISM-Eric Mendelson influenced BAUHAUS (School of Building) = bold designs, unusual material, basic shapes & colours and asked to design EINSTEIN TOWER= futuristic, like a rocket

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