Carbohydrates
Teacher recommended
?- Created by: Charlotte
- Created on: 27-04-13 15:02
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- Carbohydrates
- Functions of carbohydrates in the diet
- Provides energy for physical activity
- Provides energy to maintain bodily functions
- Provides dietary fibre to help digestion.
- Sweetens and flavours food
- If we eat more carbohydrates than we need for energy, the excess is stored as fat
- Most common problems of excess carbohydrates in the body are related to obesity and tooth decay
- Types of carbohydrates
- They are divided into sugars and starches - simple and complex carbohydrates
- Sugar and tooth decay
- We eat sugars in different forms
- Intrinsic sugars: found naturally in the cells of fruits and vegetables
- Extrinsic sugars; those you can see (such as cane sugar) and are added to cakes, biscuits, desserts + sweets
- Tooth decay is caused when the bacteria in your mouth (plaque) feeds on sucrose to produce an acid
- The acid then causes small holes in your teeth (dental caries)
- We eat sugars in different forms
- Complex carbohydrates (starch polysaccharides)
- Starch is found in grain products such as bread rice cereals + pasta and in some fruits and vegetables
- Starches take longer than sugars to digest and provide feeling of fullness for longer, helping to avoid obesity
- All starch comes from plant sources
- Functions of starch in the diet
- Broken down slowly into simple sugars by the digestive system to provide a slow release of enrgy
- Adds bulk to our diet
- Gives a feeling of fullness
- The excess is converted to fat
- Dietary Fibre (non starch polysaccharide)
- Is the non digestible cellulose found in plant foods
- Cannot be digested - it passes through the digestive system, absorbing moisture and providing bulk
- We should be eating no less than 18g of fibre a day
- Functions of dietary fibre
- Holds water and keeps the faeces soft and bulky
- Helps to push other food through the system and helps to clean the walls of the intestine of bacteria
- Helps to prevent various bowel disorders
- including constipation, bowel cancer, diverticular disease, appendicitis + haemorrhoids
- Help people to control their body weight because high fibre foods are filling
- Linked to lower blood cholesterol
- Functions of carbohydrates in the diet
- Starches take longer than sugars to digest and provide feeling of fullness for longer, helping to avoid obesity
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