should sociology be a science?
done in note form
- Created by: Rhianna Hall
- Created on: 15-06-14 10:44
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- Can socio be a sci?
- YES! (Positivism)
- reality exists indep of hum mind - nature = obj, observable facts
- patterns, laws & inductive reasoning
- reality = patterned - can observe - role of sci = id, measure & rec patterns systematically & expl them
- Durkheim - 'real laws are discoverable' - can discover laws that determin how soc works (induction) - inv gathering data through careful ob & meas
- can devel theory that expl ob - after many obs have confirmed theory - claim to disc truth => gen law (verification)
- pos aim to disc causes of patterns they disc - aim to prod laws about how soc works
- favour macro approah & how soc shapes our beh
- Approach to research: obj & quant
- res can test hyp in systematic & controlled way
- examine causal factor & observe its effect
- quant data - meas patt of beh - can prod precise statements about rel bet diff facts
- res should be detached & obj - val free - can cause bias
- Popper
- many sys claim to have true knowl of world e.g. rel sci etc
- fallacy of induction
- rej idea that sci lies in inductive reas & verification
- argues for fall of ind (myth) - assumes we move f/ ob to prod gen laws - always chance that theory can be undermined - e.g. swans = white - only 1 black to disprove
- falsification
- what makes sci unique is falsif
- sci statement can be proved wrong by ev
- 'good' theory has 2 features:
- 1) principle of fals & 2) bold - claims to expl a great deal
- what makes sci unique is falsif
- open to crit & open soc
- theory must be open to crit f/ others - therefore a public activity
- flaws = readily exposed & better theories devel
- sci thrives in open soc's - soc's bel in right to chal accep ideas e.g. Galileo - pun - Earth around Sun
- theory must be open to crit f/ others - therefore a public activity
- EVAL
- hum beh isn't measurable
- using quant meth/ data - @ best only corr
- is a sci as it has set of meth, persp etc
- NO! (Interpretivism)
- socio doesn't base self on nat sci
- sci app = unsuitable for studying humans - socio can only be und by interp mean, not external causes
- rej of sci
- rej use of methods f/ sci because diff bet socio & sci
- Socio
- Nat sci
- opposite to socio
- matter = conscious
- internal stimulus & mean
- choice over beh
- Mead - hum interp mean of stimulus & choose how to respond
- humans aren't puppets manip by external force
- socio should aim to uncover mean we give to world
- rej use of methods f/ sci because diff bet socio & sci
- app to res: verstehen & qual
- rej logic & methods of sci
- need to see world through eyes of others (ver)
- qual data
- prod rich, perso data, high in val
- gives subj und
- rej logic & methods of sci
- fem
- opposed to adopt sci app
- see quest for single scientific fem theory as form of dom
- excludes many groups of women
- see quest for single scientific fem theory as form of dom
- opposed to adopt sci app
- Kuhn
- sci = like doing a jigsaw puzzle
- most of time, paradigm goes unquestioned
- sci just fills in details - doesn't create anything new in sci
- allows sci to agree basics of subject - contrasts w/ falsif
- sci just fills in details - doesn't create anything new in sci
- most of time, paradigm goes unquestioned
- paradigms = shared set of assump - basic framework
- if something doens't fit paradigm, sci rej it
- tells sci how to think & beh - sci = rew for conforming to paradigm
- can find something that goes ag paradigm - anomalies build up - leads to question basic assumptions - can be rev - paradigm shift
- tells sci how to think & beh - sci = rew for conforming to paradigm
- if something doens't fit paradigm, sci rej it
- EVAL
- assumes all sci research is done by paradigms
- sci = like doing a jigsaw puzzle
- sci has transformed our lvives
- sci was central to enlight - offered knowl & cont to improv soc
- sic = prod obj knowl - used to impro human life
- sci was central to enlight - offered knowl & cont to improv soc
- YES! (Positivism)
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