Bonding
- Created by: emma
- Created on: 02-04-14 15:13
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- Bonding
- Giant ionic lattice
- Ionic bonding
- Strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ion
- High melting point
- Strong electrostatic force between ions so a lot of energy needed to break them
- Dont conduct electricity when solid
- Ions are fixed in a lattice and cannot move so a current cannot flow
- Conduct electricity when molten or aqueous
- Ions are free to move so a current can flow
- Dissolve well in polar solvents e.g. water
- Polar solvent molecules attract ions out of the lattice
- Brittle
- Ions are fixed in lattice so when pressure is applied ionic bonds break and they sanp
- High melting point
- Strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ion
- Ionic bonding
- Macromolecular
- Covalent bonding a shared pair of electrons between two atoms
- Diamond
- V. high melting point
- All atoms joined by strong covalent bonds so a lot of energy needed to break
- Extremely hard
- All atoms joined by strong covalent bonds in 3 dimensions
- Does not conduct electricity
- Electrons are fixed in the covalent bonds so cannot move and a current cannot flow
- V. high melting point
- Graphite
- High melting point
- All atoms in each layer are joined by strong covalent so al large amount of energy required to break them
- Soft
- Weak van der waals forces between layers allow layers to slide over each other
- Conducts electricity
- Delocalised electrons are free to move between layers so a current can flow
- High melting point
- Diamond
- Covalent bonding a shared pair of electrons between two atoms
- Simple molecular
- Covalent bonding
- Shared pair of electrons between two atoms
- Iodine
- Low melting point
- Molecules in Crystal held together by weak inter molecular forces so small amount of energy required to break them
- Dont conduct electricity
- No free ions or electrons as they are fixed in covalent bond
- Low melting point
- Dative covalent
- A covcovalent bond where both of the shared electrons are donated from one of the atoms
- Polar bonds/dipoles
- Electonegativity the ability of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond
- Van der Waals, dipole dipole, hydrogen
- Bond angles
- 2bp, 0lp Linear 180
- 3bp, 0lp Triganol planer, 120
- 4bp, 0lp Tetrahedral 109.5
- 5bp, 0lp Triganol bipyramid 120 90
- 6bo, 0lp Octrahedral, 90
- 2bp, 1lp Angular, 117.5
- 3bp, 1lp Pyramidal, 107
- 4bp, 2lp Squar planer 90
- 2bp, 2lp Bent 104.5
- Covalent bonding
- Giant ionic lattice
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