body fluids 1

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  • Body Fluids
    • body fluids and sources of DNA
      • blood
      • semen
      • vaginal fluid
      • saliva
      • urine, faeces, vomit
      • hair
      • teeth
      • bone
      • tissue
    • recovery
      • identify areas to be examined
        • witness directed
        • visual examination
        • screening tests
      • recover for further testing
        • low power microscopy
        • high power microscopy
          • semen or skin cells
        • confirmatory testing
        • DNA
    • presumptive tests
      • identify the nature and location of various body fluids
      • non-confirmatory tests used to screen for the presence of a substance
      • never state a stain is a particular substance i.e. blood - call it a red/brown sain
      • advantages
        • offers a reasonably reliable identification for a stain
        • quick
        • can be carried out at crime scene
        • cheap
        • sensitive
        • indicative of where to take samples from on exhibit for DNA profiling
      • disadvantages
        • false positives
          • blood - vegetables, cleaning fluids
          • semen - vaginal fluid
        • false negatives
          • dilute blood
          • semen - heat
        • not always human specific
          • may be animal blood?
    • activity level evidence

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