Biological molecules - Proteins

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  • Created by: Molly04!
  • Created on: 26-12-21 17:08
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  • proteins
    • Types of protein
      • globular proteins - enzymes or hormones and structural proteins such as keratin or collagen.
        • GLOBULAR PROTEINS water soluble and arranged in sphere hydrophobic amino acids are protected in middle
    • How are proteins formed?
      • Protein synthesis -  amino acids undergo condensation reactions to form a polypeptide chain. code of amino acids is determined by the genetic code
      • peptide bonds form to produce dipeptides and polypeptides
    • structures of protein
      • primary structure - this is the polypeptide of amino acids
      • secondary structure - folding and coiling of polypeptide into alpha helices and beta pleated sheets. both are held together by hydrogen bonds
        • Different types of bonds are formed to keep protein structures in shape:          hydrogen bonds - the weakest; ionic bonds between charged r groups and disulphide bonds between sulphur containing r groups
      • tertiary structure - the firth folding and coiling of the polypeptide chain
      • quaternary structure - multiple polypeptide chains joined together
      • made from carbon hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur
    • Biuret test for proteins Biuret solution
      • Biuret reagent is added to sample and is heated in water bath      blue>purple
    • function of proteins
      • primary structure determines the function. if the pimary structure is altered it changes the functio

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