Enzymes-1
- Created by: Freja
- Created on: 08-04-21 17:00
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- Enzymes
- Properties of enzymes
- Globular proteins- with a 3D shape
- Affected by temperature and pH
- Has an active site
- Specific- only one substrate
- Specific shape is determined by the tertiary structure.
- Enzymes
- Intracellular enzymes
- Enzymes that react within a cell
- e.g. Catalase
- Breaks down toxic hydrogen
- Extracellular enzymes
- Enzymes released from cells and work outside of the cell that produced them
- e.g. amylase and trypsin
- Released from pancreas to be used in small intestine
- Intracellular enzymes
- Roles of enzymes
- Anabolic reactions
- Construct molecules from smaller units
- Requires energy
- e.g. protein synthesis, building of biological molecules
- Catabolic reactions
- Break molecules down into smaller units
- Releases energy
- e.g. digestion, respiration
- Biological Catalysts
- Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by acting as biological catalysts.
- They catalyse metabolic reactions at both a cellular level and for the organism as a whole.
- Cellular Level - respiration
- Organism as a whole- digestion in mammels
- Enzymes can affect the structure as well as functions.
- e.g. enzymes are involved in the production of collagen, an important protein in the connective tissues of animals.
- Anabolic reactions
- Denaturing
- A change in tertiary structure of an enzyme
- The active site has irreversibly changed shape
- The problem with denaturing
- Active site is no longer complimen-tary in shape to the substrate
- No more enzyme-substrate complexes can be formed
- So the reaction slows down and then stops
- Properties of enzymes
- e.g. amylase and trypsin
- Released from pancreas to be used in small intestine
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