Basics
- Created by: izzygreenxoxo
- Created on: 06-04-17 11:25
View mindmap
- Basics
- The Periodic Table
- Atoms can be symbols e.g. O for Oxygen
- Elements with similar properties together
- Vertical columns - groups (roman numerals used)
- Have the same number of electrons in outer shell
- Elements in group 0 all have full outer shells - stable and unreactive
- Vertical columns - groups (roman numerals used)
- Electron shells
- Rules
- Electrons always occupy shells
- Lowest energy fields filled (near the nucleus)
- Only certain number of electrons in shells 2-8-8
- Atoms like to have full outer shells- stability
- Outer shell no full - most atoms - want to react
- Rules
- Compounds
- Atoms join together
- Form chemical bonds
- Give away / take / share electrons
- Form chemical bonds
- Metal + non-metal = ionic bonding
- Non-metal + non-metal = covalent bond
- Metal + metal + metallic bond
- Properties will be completely different
- Can be small molecules - water
- Can be big lattices - sodium chloride
- Atoms join together
- Balancing equations
- Atoms aren't lost or made
- Same atoms at start and end
- Has to have same amount of atoms on both sides
- Start with biggest molecule first
- Example
- H2SO4 + NaOH -> Na2SO4 + 2 H2O
- Atoms aren't lost or made
- Atoms and Elements
- Small nucleus surrounded by electrons
- Nucleus
- Middle of atom
- Contains protons and Electrons
- Protons - Positive
- Neutrons - no charge
- Nucleus is positive overall
- Tiny compared to rest of atom
- Electrons
- Move around nucleus
- Negatively charged
- Tiny - cover a lot of space
- Occupy shells
- Shells - very important
- Nucleus
- Protons = electrons - balance out atom
- Elements consist of one type of atom - O2
- Small nucleus surrounded by electrons
- The Periodic Table
Comments
No comments have yet been made