B1 You and Your Genes - Mind Map

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  • Created by: Falisha
  • Created on: 23-06-13 20:41
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  • B1  You and Your Genes
    • Genes
      • Cell > Nucleus > Chromosomes > DNA
      • Instructions that control the development of a living thing
        • Structutal proteins to build the body
        • Functional proteins to take part in chemical reactions
      • Charcteristics depend on genes and the environment
        • Genes: Dimples
        • Environment: Scars
        • Genes & Environment: Weight
    • Family Members
      • Human cells(except sex cells) contain pairs of chromosomes
        • 1 Chromosome in each pair come from the mother's egg and the other form the father's sperm
      • The same genes are found in the same place in each chromosome.
        • Alleles: Diffrent versions of the same gene
          • Homozygous:both alleles are the same
          • Hetrozygous:both alleles are different
    • Difference
      • Siblings are not identical because you inherit diffrent combinatiosn of alleles
      • Dominant
        • Only need 1 copy of a dominant allele to have the feature
      • Recessive
        • Must have 2 copies of a recessive allele to have the feature
      • Genotype
        • Description of genes
      • Phenotype
        • Description of physical characteristics
    • Male or Female?
      • Female have ** chromosomes
        • Every egg cell has an X cromosone
      • Males have XY chromosmes
        • Half the sperm have X chromosmes the others have Y chromosomes
      • Y chromosomes determin the sex of the embryo
    • Inherited Disorders
      • Huntington's Disease
        • Develops during mid 30's
        • Symptoms
          • Tremor
          • Clumsiness
          • Memory Loss
          • Mood Changes
        • 1 Faulty dominant allele
      • Cystic Fibrosis
        • Production of sticky, thick mucus
        • Symptoms
          • Breathing problems
          • Digesting problems
          • Chest infections
        • Faulty recessive allele
    • Gentic Testings
      • Questions
        • Ethical
          • Is this against my religious views?
            • Pre Implantation Genetic Diagnosis
        • Should i have children or not?
        • Will this affect my future?
        • Should i have an abortion?
        • Who shall i tell?
        • Is there a risk of misscarriage?
      • False Negative
        • A result that appears negative when it should not
      • False Positives
        • A result that indicates that a given condition is present when it is not.
    • Clones
      • Bacteria,plants and some animals can produce clones by asexual reproduction
        • Plants produce bulbs and runners as clones
        • Animals can produce identical twins
        • Pre implantation
          • Embryos selection: Embryo fertilised outside the body and tested for genetic disorders. Only healthy embryos are put into the mother's uterus
      • Clones are individuals with identical genes
    • Stem Cells
      • Stem Cells are unspecialised cells
        • Embryonic: develop into any type of cell
        • Adult: develop into most cells but not all
        • Most stem cells are produced during early development of a living orgainism
        • Stem cells will help develop new medication for illness

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Swallowtail

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This mind map shows a good use of colour to separate the key topic ideas. Adding images to the mind map can help memorise the key ideas and could mean fewer words to read. This topic is found in many GCSE Biology specifications.

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