Assumptions of all approaches
- Created by: Emma
- Created on: 09-05-13 17:41
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- Approaches
- Cognitive
- Uses the computer as an analogy of the mind
- The computer has information inputs, processing, retrieval and output which is similar to the fnctions of the mind
- Behaviour is the result of informatrion processing
- Atypical behaviour such as phobias or obsessive compulsive disorder is the result of faulty processin
- Uses the computer as an analogy of the mind
- Biological
- Our genetic inheritance and gentic make-up affects our behaviour
- Peoples behaviour is caused by electrochemical events occuring between the neurons of the brain
- Behaviour also has ab=n evolutionary aspect and as explanied by Darwin could be the result of evolution
- The sructural differences in the brain and different brain areas are also important in behaviour
- Chemical processes in the brain are responsible for behaviour
- Behaviourist
- All behaviour is the result of a response to a stimulus
- What we do is determined by the enviroment we live in
- People are born with only a handful of innate reflexes and all of a person's complex behaviour is the result of learning through the enviroment in which they are raised and live in
- The process of learning is common to all species so they generalise from humans to animals and vice versa
- Humanistic
- Maslows heirachy of needs that lead to self actulization
- Starts with psychological needs (hunger,thirst)
- Then goes to safety needs (shelter)
- Then belonging needs (love, freindship)
- The esteem needs and finally self actulization
- Then belonging needs (love, freindship)
- Then goes to safety needs (shelter)
- Starts with psychological needs (hunger,thirst)
- Everyone percieve's the world in their own way and so will act in a way they believe to be correct
- People have free will and can choose their own actions (but they may not realize this)
- Rogers concept of positive self regard.
- People can only fufill their potential of positive growth if they are loved and valued or respected y others
- But most people do not feel they have unconditional positve regard and that they must meet other peoples condition of worth eg. behaving well, passing exams etc
- People can only fufill their potential of positive growth if they are loved and valued or respected y others
- Maslows heirachy of needs that lead to self actulization
- Social Learning Theory
- Behaviour is the result of observation
- People are shaped in fundemental ways by their environment through learning processes
- They believe people learn by watching others, so other people are of great influence of behvaiour
- Operant and classical conditiong are key aspects of both these approaches
- Behaviourist
- All behaviour is the result of a response to a stimulus
- What we do is determined by the enviroment we live in
- People are born with only a handful of innate reflexes and all of a person's complex behaviour is the result of learning through the enviroment in which they are raised and live in
- The process of learning is common to all species so they generalise from humans to animals and vice versa
- Behaviourist
- Psychodynamic
- Behaviour can be caused by unconscious experience
- Psychosexual stages
- Experinces of early childhood affect adult behaviour
- Behavious is controlled by unconsciuos forces that we are not aware of
- It is the way we are treated by aduls/parents as children that has most effect on shaping our adult behaviour
- Behaviour is controlled by three psyche
- Id
- Ego
- Super ego
- Defence mechanisms convert unconscious impulses into acceptable forms
- Cognitive
- Psychodynamic
- Behaviour can be caused by unconscious experience
- Psychosexual stages
- Experinces of early childhood affect adult behaviour
- Behavious is controlled by unconsciuos forces that we are not aware of
- It is the way we are treated by aduls/parents as children that has most effect on shaping our adult behaviour
- Behaviour is controlled by three psyche
- Id
- Ego
- Super ego
- Defence mechanisms convert unconscious impulses into acceptable forms
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