Analysis of Personal Rule
- Created by: matilda strachan
- Created on: 30-03-15 18:17
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- ANALYSIS OF THE PERSONAL RULE
- FINANCE
- successes
- Sold crown land for £640,000 (BUT ONLY SHORT TERM)
- Peace treaties with France (1629) and Spain (1630) cut costs of War
- Continued to use tonnage and poundage impositions and monopolies
- Pawned crown jewels
- CROWN DEBT £315,00 by 1637
- failures
- SHIP MONEY
- HAMPDEN TRIAL 1637
- John Hampden, connected to Puritan network, refused to pay ship money. Taken to court, 5 PREROGATIVE JUDGES dissented (very telling).
- Only 25% ship money payed in 1639, 2 years after trial, arguably caused by it + in opposition to tax
- Usually payed 80-100%, except 1639
- always payed slowly
- HAMPDEN TRIAL 1637
- Loss of Crown rent
- Aggravated many through policies; forest laws the landed gentry, distraint of knighthood the gentry, monopolies the merchants, common people and puritans (popish soap)
- City of London was hesitant to loan, when they did it was with big interest.
- 1640 war with Scotland, expenditure rises over income.
- FALSE MINES, ONLY VIABLE IN PEACE TIME
- SHIP MONEY
- OPPOSITION?
- WHIG (there was opposition
- Tax revolts 16/39
- low speed/ quantity of ship money payment
- Commoners had no means of opposing anyway
- REVISIONIST (no real opposition)
- No real opposition till tax revolts
- Even those were tame
- People were more scared of government breakdown than tax
- Puritan opposition was inevitable
- People were more scared of government breakdown than tax
- WHIG (there was opposition
- successes
- STRAFFORD AND IRELAND
- POLICY OF THOROUGH
- Improved militia
- Tighten up local government, before it ran through benign inefficiency
- 1631 Book of Orders
- EXEMPLIFIED ABSOLUTISM
- The North
- President of the Council in the North 1629
- Ruthless, disregarded much of the law in process of optimising North
- Threatened ancient balance between local and central govt.
- Used council as a king of prerogative court
- Ruthless, disregarded much of the law in process of optimising North
- President of the Council in the North 1629
- POLICY OF THOROUGH
- RELIGION
- LAUD
- Bish of London by 1629, Archbishop of C by 1633
- High ranking Govt official on Privy Council
- Promoted his allies (Neil, Juxton, Wren, Montague)
- Impeached 1641
- Executed 1645
- LAUD'S POLICIES
- Reestablish wealth, order, power of Church
- Adherence to 1559 Prayer Book
- Oppressed unlicenced preachers (Feoffes)
- Uniformity
- Promotion of Arminianism
- Emphasis on spirituality of Communion
- OPPOSITION
- Alter Controversy escalated into degrees of violence
- Burton, Bastwick and Prynne (1637) accused bishops of pride, arrogance, abuse of finance. Puritan pamphlets.
- All were locked in tower and tortured, Public outcry at their treatment and lost faith of Gentry.
- 1640 Mob of 500
- Emigration to New England
- BUT: no resentment from Feoffes, some elements of reform welcomed (Book of Sports), did not get same level as Ship Money
- LAUD
- FINANCE
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