Alkanes
- Created by: 12dyer
- Created on: 10-05-18 13:01
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- Alkanes
- Saturated hydrocarbons
- Only H-C or C-C single bonds
- Fuels and starting materials
- Source=Crude oil
- General formula= CnH2n+2 as branched or unbranched
- Naming Branched
- Find the longest unbranched chain to give the root name
- Add branches as prefixes
- Add numbers to say where attached to
- Add branches as prefixes
- Find the longest unbranched chain to give the root name
- Unbranched
- Named from the root and ane indicates alkane
- Naming Branched
- Ring
- CnH2n
- End hydrogens are not required
- Physical Properties
- Non-polar as electro negativities are similar
- Weak London/Intermolecular forces
- Larger the molecule the stronger the forces because there is more intermolecular forces
- Weak London/Intermolecular forces
- Boiling Point
- Increasing intermolecular forces as the molecule gets bigger
- Boiling point increases as chain length gets bigger
- Branched chain molecules can't pack together as close therefore intermolecular forces not as effective so boiling point for branched chains are quite low
- Increasing intermolecular forces as the molecule gets bigger
- Insoluble in water
- Water has hydrogen bonds which are stronger than the intermolecular forces in alkanes
- Relatively unreactive
- They burn
- Form either C02 and water when burnt in plenty of O OR C0 and water in restricted O
- They burn
- Non-polar as electro negativities are similar
- Saturated hydrocarbons
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