Alcohols -2
- Created by: Shannon
- Created on: 09-05-14 14:03
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- Alcohols
- Classification
- Primary
- The carbon which is attached to -OH group is also attached to another carbon.
- E.g ethanol
- Secondary
- The carbon which is attached to -OH group is also attached to 2 other carbons.
- E.g propan-2-ol
- Tertiary
- The carbon which is attached to -OH group is also attached to 3 other carbons.
- E.g 2-methylpropan-2-ol
- Primary
- Reactions
- Oxidation
- Primary alcohols
- Alcohol -> Aldehyde -> Carboxylic acid
- Secondary alcohols
- Alcohol -> Ketone
- Tertiary alcohols
- Cannot be oxidised
- Primary alcohols
- With sodium
- Observe bubbles of H2 gas
- Sodium sinks
- With PCl5 - test for -OH group
- Substitution reaction occurs - form halogenoalkane
- Test the gas given off using damp blue litmus paper
- Litmus paper will turn red in the presence of HCl
- Combustion
- Alcohols burn with a clean flame, as they are already partially oxidised
- Oxidation using potassium dichromate
- Oxidised with dichromate & acid
- Reaction occurs with primary & secondary alcohols
- Colour change observed
- Orange -> green
- Colour change observed
- Oxidation
- Solubility
- Decreases as chain length increases
- Depends on the relative size of the hydrophobic end
- As hydrophobic end increases in size the favourable reactions at the hydrophilic end are outweighed
- Classification
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