Acids, Bases and Salts
- Created by: nuhaazhar
- Created on: 26-09-16 02:52
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- Acids, Bases and Salts
- Acids
- Compounds that when dissolved in water, produces H+ ions (proton donors)
- AciDs turn blue litmus paper reD
- The stronger the acid, the easier it is to give off H+ ions and ionise completely
- ph 1-6
- Organic acids
- Weak and dilute
- Present in animal and plant species
- Ethanoic, Methanoic, Lactic, Citric. EMLC
- Mineral acids
- Strong
- Highly corrosive
- Carbonic, Hydrochloric, Nitric, Sulfuric, Phosphoric
- Acidity in soil
- Bases
- Insoluble substances which neutralise acids to form a salt and water only (proton acceptors)
- ph 8-14
- Bases turn litmus paper Blue
- Alkalis
- All alkalis are bases but not all bases are alkalis
- A substance that dissolves in water to produce hyroxide ions
- The stronger the alkali, the easier it is to produce hydroxide ions and ionise completely
- Salts
- Ionic compounds made by the neutralisation of an acid with a base
- The solubility of salts
- Influences the preparation method
- Soluble: neutralising an acid
- Preparation
- Acid plus solid metal, or base, or carbonate
- Titration
- Acid plus alkali
- Preparation
- Insoluble: other methods
- Precipitation
- Soluble salt plus soluble salt
- Precipitation
- Water of crystallisation
- Affects how the crystals are handled at the end of the experiment
- Water included in the structure of certain salts as they crystallise
- Hydrated salts when heated, WOC driven off as steam become a powder and become an anhydrous salt
- Acids
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