When a feature of a population can range between from one extreme to another with GRADUAL changes in between
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Give an example of this.
Human height and mass, hand span and foot length
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What type of graph is used to show this variation?
Histogram
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Describe discontinuous variation.
When a feature of a population falls in to one specific DISCRETE group or category, which doesn't lead in to another category.
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Give an example of this.
Gender, Blood Group or Eye colour
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What type of graph is used to show this variation?
Bar graph
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Name some inherited variations.
Eye colour, hair colour, skin colour, free/attached earlobes and gender.
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What are some environmental causes of variation?
Climate, diet, accidents, culture and lifestyle
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Give an example of the effects of these causes.
Flower colour in hydrangeas; acidic soil=blue alkaline soil=pink.
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What is the key word when looking at different variations?
INVESTIGATE
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Who invented the theory of natural selection?
Charles Darwin
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What are the observable characteristics of an organism known as?
Its phenotype
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Describe 'survival of the fittest'.
The competition between individuals of a population leading to a struggle of existence. More of the 'fitter' organisms survive to reproduce rather than the others.
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What does this allow the species to do?
Evolve
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What happens to a species if the offspring are less adapted to their environment?
They become extinct
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What is artificial selection?
When people choose which individual will mate with another individual.
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What does this involve?
Selective breeding
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Name 4 things you could do if you wanted a variety of cow that produce a lot of milk.
1. Select cows that produce most milk 2. Only let these cows reproduce 3. Select the offspring of these 3. Only let the offspring reproduce
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Name a few other examples of selective breeding.
Hens that lay big eggs, cattle that produce a lot of meat, tomato plants that produce lots of tomatoes and crops that are disease reisistant.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What is variation?
Back
The differences between individuals of the same species
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