proton number decreases by 2, nucleon number decreases by 4
1 of 18
Beta negative decay
proton no increases by 1, nucleon no stays same, neutron>proton, electron, and antineutrino
2 of 18
Beta positive decay
proton no decreases by 1, nucleon no stays the same, proton> neutron, positron and neutrino
3 of 18
Gamma decay
no change in protons or neutrons, EM radiation, uncharged
4 of 18
Ionisation weak to strong
Gamma, Beta, Alpha
5 of 18
What stops alpha, beta, gamma
few cm air human skin, aluminium, lead
6 of 18
deflection by magnetic fields alpha, beta, gamma
small, large, none
7 of 18
Electron capture
unstable nucleus absorbs one of its own electrons to become more stable, proton in nucleus changes to a neutron, proton + electron> neutron + neutrino, proton number decreases by 1
8 of 18
Random
not known which nucleus will decay next or at what time a particular nucleus will decay
9 of 18
Decay constant
the probability that one nucleus will decay per unit time or the fraction of the original nuclei that decay per unit time
10 of 18
Half life
The time taken for the number of nuclei to fall to half their starting value or decay rate to fall to half original value
11 of 18
Inverse square law
I=k/distance squared only valid in vacuum gamma can be used in air
12 of 18
Stability line
Beta minus above line, Alpha below line but at z>60 and beta plus emitters below line
13 of 18
Sources of background radiation
Radon releases from rocks, granite, cosmic radiation-particles from space collide in upper atmosphere, man made- medical and nuclear weapons, living things- carbon 14
14 of 18
Binding energy
the energy required to completely seperate the nucleus into its individual nucleons
15 of 18
mass defect
difference in mass of a nucleus copared to the total madd of its constituent nucleons separately
16 of 18
Fusion
binding of two smaller unstable nuclei to from larger more stable nucleus, energy released
17 of 18
Fusion
splitting apart a large unstable nucleus into two smaller more stable nuclei, energy released
18 of 18
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
proton no increases by 1, nucleon no stays same, neutron>proton, electron, and antineutrino
Back
Beta negative decay
Card 3
Front
proton no decreases by 1, nucleon no stays the same, proton> neutron, positron and neutrino
Back
Card 4
Front
no change in protons or neutrons, EM radiation, uncharged
Comments
No comments have yet been made