Upper course ( Discharge is the amount of water passing a specific point )
Vertical erosion, steep gradient, v-shaped valley, narrow river channel, shallow river, slow flowing due to friction, small discharge, large rocks
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Middle course
Lateral erosion, medium gradient, U shaped valley, wider river channel, deeper river channel, faster flowing, more discharge, smaller material
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Lower course
Mostly deposition, gentle gradient, v. broad valley, wider river channel, deepest river channel, fastest flowing, large discharge, silt and suspended material.
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Features of the upper course include V-shaped valleys, interlocking spurs + waterfalls
V-shaped valleys, interlocking spurs = rivers energy erodes downwards so creates v shaped valleys, as the river winds its way down between barriers of more resistant rock, spurs which interlock down the valley are formed
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waterfall -
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Meanders - middle course
Outside of bend has deepest water, where greatest erosion takes place, water moving fast, erodes the bank using corrasion, deposition forms a slip off slope on inside of bend
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Features of the lower course - ox bow lakes, flood plains, levees and deltas
Ox bow lake - meander bends become v.large + erode away, when flooded, forms easier path between bends + over time erodes to cut off original bend. There is deposition in the old bend and it becomes cut off forming an ox bow lake
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Floodplain - low flat area of land on either side of the river. Can be formed by meanders migrating downstream.
Levees- When river floods, water moves away from channel, gains friction as much shallower so less energy so deposits sediment, larger stuff near edge of river. Over time, lots of flooding etc, levees form.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Lateral erosion, medium gradient, U shaped valley, wider river channel, deeper river channel, faster flowing, more discharge, smaller material
Back
Middle course
Card 3
Front
Mostly deposition, gentle gradient, v. broad valley, wider river channel, deepest river channel, fastest flowing, large discharge, silt and suspended material.
Back
Card 4
Front
V-shaped valleys, interlocking spurs = rivers energy erodes downwards so creates v shaped valleys, as the river winds its way down between barriers of more resistant rock, spurs which interlock down the valley are formed
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