The mass of product obtained from a reaction. It is normally less than the theoretical yield due to incomplete reactions, side reactions and loss of product in transfer.
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Alloys
A metal compound made by combining two or more metals together. This process is carried out to give the material greater strength or resistance to corrosion.
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Atom Economy
The measure of the amount of starting materials that end up as useful products.
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Avogadro's Law (H)
Equal volumes of different gases will contain the same number of molecules.
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By-Product (H)
A secondary product made in the reaction of something else.
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Chemical Cell
A cell which converts chemical energy to electrical energy. They are made up of two metal electrodes connected by an electrolyte. The cell produces a voltage until one of the reactants is used up.
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Corrosion
The destruction of materials by chemical reactions with substances in the environment.
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Dynamic Equilibrium
Reached by a reversible reaction when the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the backward reaction. At dynamic equilibrium, the concentration of reactants and products remain constant.
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Electroplating
The process of coating a metal with a thin layer of another metal by electrolysis to improve the metal's corrosion resistance or to improve the metal's appearance.
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Fertiliser
A chemical added to soil to increase the fertility, allowing crops to grow more effectively. They generally contain compounds of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus.
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Fuel Cell
An electrochemical cell which continuously produces a voltage when supplied with a fuel and oxygen. The fuel donates electrons at one electrode and oxygen gains electrons at the other electrode.
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Haber Process
An industrial process which produces ammonia from the reaction between nitrogen and hydrogen. The reaction conditions are 450 degrees C and 200 atm and it requires an iron catalyst.
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Hydrogen-Oxygen Fuel Cell
A fuel cell in which hydrogen and oxygen are the reactants used to produce a voltage. Water is the only product.
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Molar Volume (H)
The volume occupied by one mole of gaseous molecules.
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Molar Volume at RTP (H)
The volume occupied by one mole of molecules of any gas at room temperature and pressure. The molar volume at RT[ is 24dm(3).
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Percentage Yield
The percentage ratio of the actual yield of product from a reaction compared with the theoretical yield.
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Sacrificial Protection
The protection of iron or steel against corrosion by using a more reactive metal. Zinc is often used as a sacrificial metal.
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Theoretical Yield
The maximum possible mass of product that can be obtained from a reaction.
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Titration
A technique used where a solution of known concentration is used to determine the concentration of an unknown solution.
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Transition Metal
A metal found between Group 2 and 3 of the periodic table. Typical properties include high melting points, high densities, form coloured compounds and catalytic activity.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Alloys
Back
A metal compound made by combining two or more metals together. This process is carried out to give the material greater strength or resistance to corrosion.
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