Thyroid disorders 0.0 / 5 ? MedicineMedicineUniversityAll boards Created by: MelissaloughlinCreated on: 22-05-23 21:13 What is the autoimmune disease that can cause hypothyroidism called? Hashimoto's disease 1 of 28 There are thyroid receptors in every cell in the body. True/False? True: They are nuclear receptors which control transcription and thereby have effects on all cells within the body 2 of 28 What is it called when the thyroid gland is swollen? Goitre 3 of 28 What is the treatment for under active thyroid? Levothyroxine 4 of 28 T4 is the active form of thyroid hormone. True/False? False: T3 is the active form and T4 is the inactive form 5 of 28 Name 5 symptoms of hypothyroidism: Fatigue Feeling cold Constipation Muscle weakness Goitre Skin/hair dryness Depression Tingling sensations Menstrual irregularities Weight gain 6 of 28 What 2 drugs can cause hypothyroidism? Lithium Amiodarone 7 of 28 What will TSH and T3 and T4 levels look like in hypothyroidism? TSH - High T3 and T4 - Low 8 of 28 Simultaneous intake of milk, coffee, grapefruit, soya products and papaya can increase absorption of levothyroxine. True/False? False: This can decrease absorption of levothyroxine. 9 of 28 You need to take extra caution in initiating levothyroxine in diabetic patients - why? Because levothyroxine can increase blood glucose levels and so diabetic meds will need reviewed and may need increased. 10 of 28 Levothyroxine is a synthetic version of __ and metabolises to __ in the body. T4, T3 11 of 28 ____________ is a synthetic version of T3 and is very rarely used under specialist care where levothyroxine is not tolerated. Liothyronine 12 of 28 What is the autoimmune disease that can cause hyperthyroidism called? Grave's disease 13 of 28 Hyperthyroidism speeds up all metabolic processes in body. True/False? True 14 of 28 Name 5 symptoms of hyperthyroidism. Insomnia Unintentional weight loss Diarrhoea Polyuria, thirst Generalised itch Heat intolerance Fatigue Goitre Tremor Anxiety Palpitations 15 of 28 Exophthalmos describes the bulging of the eyes caused by Graves' disease. True/False? True: Inflammation, swelling and hypertrophy of the tissue behind the eyeballs force them forward, causing them to bulge out of the sockets. 16 of 28 What is the 1st line antithyroid drug? Carbimazole 17 of 28 The MHRA issued a warning in 2019 about the risk of which condition in patients taking carbimazole? Acute pancreatitis *severe epigastric pain radiating to the back* 18 of 28 What is the 2nd line antithyroid drug? Propylthiouracil 19 of 28 Why is carbimazole the preferred drug treatment? Because propylthiouracil has a small risk of severe liver reactions, including death. 20 of 28 What serious condition can both carbimazole and propylthiouracil cause? Agranulocytosis 21 of 28 What is agranulocytosis? Dangerously low white blood cells - this makes patients vulnerable to severe infections. 22 of 28 What are red flag symptoms of agranulocytosis? (5 listed) Sore throat Bruising Mouth ulcers Fever Malaise 23 of 28 Which drug class can be used to block adrenaline-related symptoms of hyperthyroidism? Beta-blockers 24 of 28 What are the adrenergic symptoms? (4 listed) Palpitations Anxiety Tremor Tachycardia 25 of 28 Why is propranolol the drug of choice for this? It non-selectively blocks adrenergic activity (as opposed to bisoprolol which is cardioselective) 26 of 28 In hyperthyroidism, TSH levels are high and T3/T4 levels are low. True/False? False: TSH levels are low and T3/T4 levels are high 27 of 28 Carbimazole is associated with an increased risk of congenital malformations when used during the 1st trimester. True/False? True 28 of 28
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