The October Revolution.

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  • Created by: T Colby
  • Created on: 25-04-16 17:36
What showed a Bolshevik recovery from the July Days and Kornilov Affair?
By the middle of September they had gained a majority in both the Petrograd and Moscow Soviets.
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What was the Bolshevik majority a sign of?
Bolshevik changes rather than increased popularity for their traditional ways.
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What did Lenin state when the Provisional Government moved to the right and the Petrograd Soviet to the left?
"Either a soviet government or Kornivolism. There is no middle course".
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What did Lenin constantly appeal to his party for from his exile in Finland?
To prepare for the immediate overthrow of Kerensky's government.
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What things meant that the Provisional Government was becoming increasingly reactionary?
It was incapable of solving the war and land question.
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What became the only hope of revolutionaries?
The Petrograd Soviet.
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What did Lenin write on 12th September?
"History will not forgive us if we do not assume power".
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What two events limited the Bolsheviks choice of action?
The meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets in late October and the election for the Constituent Assembly in November.
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Under what banner could the Bolsheviks topple the Provisional Government?
"All power to the soviets".
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Why was the Constutuent Assembly a problem to the Bolsheviks?
The assembly was the body of which all progressives and reformes had set up their hopes. Its moral authority was difficult to challenge.
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Why did Lenin believe that the Bolsheviks would have to be in power before the election results were announced?
This would provide with the authority to undermine the results should they go against them.
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What did Kerensky's idea of a Pre-Parliament have authority to do?
To advise the government.
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Why did Lenin condemn the idea of a Pre-Parliament?
He thought it was a move to strengthen its grip on power rather than broadening its base.
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What did Bolshevik members of the Pre-Parliament do on Lenin's orders?
Derided it and then walked out.
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Who doubted the wisdom of the Bolsheviks to strike at the Provisional Government at this point?
Bolsheviks on the Central Committee of the party.
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When did Lenin return to Petrograd?
7th October.
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What did Lenin do in the following weeks at Central Committee meetings?
Tried to convince waverers.
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What did the Bolshevik Central Committee pledge itself to on 10th October?
Pledged itself to an armed insurrection but failed to agree on a specific date.
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How did the Provisional Government realise that a Bolshevik uprising was imminent?
An article written by Zinoviev and Kamenev (two members of the Bolshevik Central Committee) argued it would be a mistake to attempt to overthrow the government at the time.
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How did Kerensky interpret the article?
He thought that a date had already been set.
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How did Kerensky react to the article?
He ordered a pre-emptive attack on the Bolsheviks when on 23rd October the Bolshevik newspapers Pravda and Izvestiya were closed down by government troops and a round up began.
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How did the Bolsheviks react to Kerensky's attack?
They no longer had a choice and Lenin ordered the planned insurrection to begin.
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Who actually organised the Bolshevik rising?
Trotsky.
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What was the key to Trotsky's success?
He was the chairman of the Petrograd Soviet to which he had been elected in September.
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What did the Soviet set up on 9th October?
The Military Revolutionary Committee (MRC).
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What was the MRC's role?
To organise the defence of Petrograd against a possible German attack or another Kornilov type assault from within Russia.
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Why was the MRC beneficial to the Bolsheviks?
If it was controlled by them then they would control Petrograd.
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How did Trotsky use his influence to become part of the MRC?
He was accepted as one of the troika (three-man team) appointed to run the MRC.
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Who did Trotsky direct to seize vantage points in Petrograd?
Red Guards.
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What key vantage points were captured by the Red Guards under Trotsky's leadership?
Bridges and telegraph offices.
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How many people died during the uprising?
6 and were probably Red Guards accidently shot by their own side.
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What did not come to the aid of the Provisional Government during the October Revolution?
The Petrograd garrison.
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What troops remained in the Petrograd Garrison due to deserters?
Loyal officer cadets, Cossacks and the Amazons.
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What happened when the Red Guards reached Winter Palace where the Provisional Government was housed?
They faced no resistance.
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Who walked off when confronted by the Red Guards at Winter Palace?
The Cossacks.
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Who lay down their weapons when confronted by the Red Guards?
The Amazons.
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Where did Kerensky flee to before being captured?
The American Embassy and then he left Petrograd.
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What did Lenin say to Trotsky on 27th October?
"From being on the run to supreme power makes one dizzy".
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What happened on the following morning of the Bolshevik seizure of power?
The All-Russian Congress of Soviets began its first session.
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Who was the chaiman of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets?
Lev Kamenev.
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Who was the head of the list of commissars who made up the new Sovnarkom?
Chief Minister Lenin.
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Who walked out of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets?
Right-wing SRs and Mensheviks as they protested it was a Bolshevik coup.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What was the Bolshevik majority a sign of?

Back

Bolshevik changes rather than increased popularity for their traditional ways.

Card 3

Front

What did Lenin state when the Provisional Government moved to the right and the Petrograd Soviet to the left?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What did Lenin constantly appeal to his party for from his exile in Finland?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What things meant that the Provisional Government was becoming increasingly reactionary?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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