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6. the factor manipulated by researchers in an investigation

  • operationalisation of variables
  • extraneous variables
  • independent variable
  • dependent variable

7. a research method that uses random allocation of participants and the manipulation of variables to determine cause and effect relationships

  • bias
  • experimental method
  • independent variable
  • causality
  • dependent variable

8. researchers may be unconsciously biased to 'finding' or interpreting participants' behaviour in a way that supports their hypothesis, so they find what they want to find or expect to find

  • researcher bias
  • physical characteristics
  • personal characteristics
  • dependent variables

9. experimental design where each participant performs just one condition of an experiment

  • double-blind procedure
  • independent groups design
  • single-blind procedure
  • researcher bias

10. a method of controlling investigator effects and demand characteristics where both researchers and participants are unaware of which experimental condition participants are in

  • double-blind procedure
  • investigator effects
  • single-blind procedure
  • personal characteristics

11. personal aspects of researchers can affect participants' behaviour, like their accent or tone of voice

  • researcher bias
  • personal characteristics
  • physical characteristics
  • extraneous variables

12. the establishment of cause and effect relationships through the use of controlled conditions in research settings

  • situational variables
  • bias
  • causality
  • experimental method

13. physical aspects of researchers can affect participants' behaviour

  • independent groups design
  • physical characteristics
  • researcher bias
  • personal characteristics

14. variables, other than the IV, that may affect the measurement of the DV

  • confounding variables
  • experimenter variables
  • extraneous variables
  • operationalisation of variables

15. where characteristics of a researcher influence participants' responses in an investigation

  • demand characteristics
  • investigator effects
  • double-blind procedure
  • causality

16. the process of defining variables into measurable factors

  • operationalisation of variables
  • dependent variables
  • independent variable
  • bias

17. variables concerned with the experimental setting

  • situational variables
  • confounding variables
  • participant variables
  • experimenter variables

18. the degree to which participants in a sample have been selected without prejudice

  • bias
  • operationalisation of variables
  • participant variables
  • causality
  • experimental method

19. uncontrolled extraneous variables that negatively affect results

  • independent groups design
  • confounding variables
  • extraneous variables
  • participant variables
  • situational variables