the cognitive approach

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what does the cognitive approach argue
that internal mental processes can and should be studied scientifically
they do this through making inferences about what is going on inside peoples minds on the basis of their behaviour
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what is schema
a mental framework of beliefs and expectations that influence cognitive processing. they are developed from experience
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how does schema change with age
babies are born with simple motor schema for innate behaviours such as sucking
as we older our schema become more detailed and sophisticated - because we have more experience
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how does schema help with processing info
schema enables us to process lots of info quickly and this is useful as a sort of mental shortcut that prevents us from being overwhelmed by environmental stimuli
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why do cognitive psychologists use theoretical and computer models
to help them understand internal mental processes
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what is an important theoretical model
information processing model
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what is the information processing model
it suggests that information flows through the cognitive system in a sequence of stages
-input, storage retrieval
eg multi store model of memory
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what is cognitive neuroscience
the scientific study if those biological structures that underpin cognitive processes
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what is a strength of the cognitive approach
it uses scientific, objective methods
the use of lab studies to produce reliable data
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the emergence of cognitive neuroscience has enabled biology and cognitive psychology to come together to enhance the scientific basis of this study
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however, research on cognitive processes may lack .....
external validity
-use of artificial stimuli
-relies on interference
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what real world application does the cognitive approach have
it is the dominant approach in psychology
-has made important contributions to artificial intelligence
-cognitive principles have also been applied to treating depression
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what is another limitation of the cognitive approach
machine reductionism
the computer analogy ingnores the influence of human emotion and motivation on the cognitive system
for example research has found that anxiety may affect ability to recall events
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what is schema

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how does schema change with age

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