The cognitive approach

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What is the cognitive approach?
Term cognitive means mental processes. so this approach attempts to explain how mental processes explain behaviour.
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What are internal mental processes?
Private operations of the mind such as perception and attention that mediate between stimuli and response.
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What is a schema?
A mental framework of beliefs and expectations that influence cognitive processing, they are developed from experience.
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What is inference?
The processes whereby cognitive psychologists draw conclusions about the way mental processes operate on the basis of observed behaviours
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What is cognitive neuroscience?
Scientific study of biological structures that underpin cognitive processes.
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What are the assumptions of the cognitive approach
Internal mental processes should be studied scientifically, memory, perception and thinking were neglected so the cognitive approach studies these. These behaviours are private so cognitive psychologists indirectly observe by making inferences.
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What happens to schemas when we get older?
Babies have simple innate schemas-They become more sophisticated and more detailed. Adults have developed mental representations for everything from psychology to what a zombie looks like.
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What do schemas enable us to do?
Process lots of information quicky, acts as a mental shortcut that prevents us from being overwhelmed by environmental stimuli.
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What are the negatives of schemas
Distort our interpretations of sensory information, can lead to stereotypes.
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What does the cognitive approach focus on
How mental processes help in our undertanding of behaviour- internal procces.
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What does cognitive approach study and believe
Internal mental processes and information processing, believes that these should be studied scientifically. Studies memory, perception and thinking
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How do cognitive scientists study this behaviour
Cant be studied directly, so have to make inferences. Use theoretical and computer models to help them understand these internal mental processes
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What is the information processing model
information flows cognitive system through a sequence of stages including input, storage and retrival. based on way computers function, proves usefulness of ai
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What are internal mental processesh
private operations of the mind like perception that mediate between stimulus and response
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What is cognitive neurosciences
scientific study of biological structures that underpin cognitive processes
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What have rapid advancements led to
Ways in the brain.led to neuroscientists being able to study the living bra
in, giving them detailed info abt brain structures involved in all kinds of mental processing
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What have non-invasive neuroimaging techniques helped to do
Help phycologists to understand how brain supports different cognitive activities/emotions by showing what parts of brain are becoming active in actovities. throgh pet scans
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Strength of cognitive approach
always has employed highly reliable, controlled and rigerous methods, in order to allow researchers to infer cognitive processes at work. Used lab experiments to produce reliable data
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Explain more
In addition emergence of cognitive neuroscience has enabled two fields to come toghther, biology and cognitive pyschology. means the cogntive approach is a scientfically credible explnation
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weakness
Application to real life doesent exist, lacks external validty as relies on artcifcal stimuli, that may not represent everyday life memory scenarios
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Last strength
dominant approach in psychology today, has been applied to wide range of practcal and tehoretical contexts like in the field of A, which will revolsinsie how we live in future, so has REAL WORLD APPLICATION TO AI
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Card 2

Front

What are internal mental processes?

Back

Private operations of the mind such as perception and attention that mediate between stimuli and response.

Card 3

Front

What is a schema?

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What is inference?

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What is cognitive neuroscience?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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