The initial impact of a natural event on people and property, caused directly by it for instance the ground buildings collapsing following an earthquake.
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What is a secondary effect?
The after effects that occur as indirect impacts of a natural event, sometimes on a longer timescale, for instance fires due to ruptured gas mains resulting from the ground shaking.
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What are immediate responses?
Search and rescue and keeping survivors alive by providing medical care, water food and shelter.
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What are long term responses?
Re-building and reconstructing with the aim of returning people's lives back to normal and reducing further risks
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What are the layers of the Earth?
The most outer layer is crust then it is the mantle, then the outer core and the innermost layer of the Earth is the inner core
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What is the first step in the Earths convection currents?
1)The Earths hot core heats up the magma in the mantle.
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What is the second step in the Earths convection currents?
2)As the magma is heated, it rises.
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What is the third step in the Earths convection currents?
3)As the magma gets nearer to the surface, it cools and sinks
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What is the last step in the Earths convection currents?
4)These swirling movements (convection currents) keep the magma moving, causing the plates to move.
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Which 3 pieces of evidence prove the continental drift theory?
The Continental Jigsaw
Rock dating
Fossil evidence
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What are constructive plate boundaries?
Where 2 plate boundaries pull apart and a volcano rises from the mantle
e.g. Mid Atlantic Ridge
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What are destructive plate boundaries?
Where 2 different plate boundaries meet and the lighter one pushes the heavier one beneath it.
A volcano forms.
e.g. Pacific/European Plate, Japan
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What are collision plate boundaries?
Where 2 of the same plates go towards each other so both plates rise, this leads to earthquakes.
e.g. Himalayas
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What are conservative plate boundaries?
2 plates go towards each other. After the pressure builds up, they slip past each other causing an earthquake.
e.g. San Andreas Fault, California
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What is an Earthquake?
The disturbance of the Earths surface that happens when a section of the Earths crust is drawn together or shortened.
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What are seismic waves?
The energy of an earthquake
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What is the focus?
Where an earthquake begins
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What is an epicentre?
The area directly above an earthquake.
This is where the most damage occurs.
The after effects that occur as indirect impacts of a natural event, sometimes on a longer timescale, for instance fires due to ruptured gas mains resulting from the ground shaking.
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