Sociology Unit one

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Nature
Means how we are directed by our instincts, and genetics, our fixed patterns of behaviour are instinctual.
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Nurture
Means we are directed by our environment and the things that surround us. That we are raised by our area.
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Culture
the way of life shared by members of a society, or a group of people.
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Customs
traditional norms such as wearing black at funerals is important to show respect, or not upstaging the bride as its deemed as rude.
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Values
The ideas and beliefs the culture think are important like protecting children and animal welfare.
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Norms
the expected patterns of behaviour from a person in a culture, such as wearing clothes in public.
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Mores
What is deemed right and wrong in a society, what is morally correct or morally wrong, such as you should not steal from the elderly.
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Statuses
social roles a person has in society such as teacher, parent and sister.
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Ascribed Status
A status that is put on us that can be assigned at birth or happen later on in life e.g mother, father or auntie.
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Achieved Status
Status where a person has gained or earned through education, such as teacher, professor, doctor.
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Roles
Expected patterns of behaviour that are attributed to something e.g being a mother you must be patient and observant of your child.
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Role Conflict
When someone struggles to separate the different roles from one another, e.g being a mother and a teacher, where they might behave in an authoritative way that is not motherly/teacher like.
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Subcultures
a smaller group of people with distinct beliefs, views and looks, like punk, and gothic.
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Countercultures
A group of people who reject a norm or value of society due to unfairness or plain dislike e.g feminism.
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Cultural Diversity
The differences of each culture.
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Ethnocentrism
Viewing someone else's culture to another cultures standard e.g western to asian attitudes, which is unfair.
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Relativism
view of culture through that cultures standards and values, opposite of ethnocentrism.
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Cultural Universals
What a culture have in common, or many have in similarity to another.
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Socialisation
Process of learning a persons culture, e.g the norms, attitudes, beliefs and values
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Primary Socialisation
Primary socialisation is the influence of young members of a family learning through their family the norms and values of society, Toilet training is an example.
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Secondary Socialisation
it is the influence of school and peer groups to help a young person learn values and norms of society. Example is moving to a different workplace or educational environment.
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Tertiary Socialisation
It is the influence of a different environment such as prison, and being re-socialised into society again, or planning a career.
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Gender Socialisation
The way in which a person learns their gender, through a few processes by anne Oakley.
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Canalisation
Where interests are turned to more gendered areas e.g girls and dolls, princesses etc.
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Manipulation
Where behaviour is changed to gendered behaviour e.g girls dont fight, they play with makeup.
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Verbal Appellations
Where children of different sex are given different names, associated with sex + gender, e.g girl as 'cutie' and boy as 'troublemaker'
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Differentiation
The further separation of interests by girls and boys to interests in sports and art.
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Gender
It is not sex, sex is the biological difference, gender is socially constructed difference.
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Sex
the biological difference between male and female.
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Hidden Curriculum
The unwritten rules, values and perspectives students adapt to in school environments e.g how they should speak to a teacher or tutor. A process of socialisation in education.
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Formal Curriculum
The shown education system, of lessons, lectures and learning activities students participate in. This is a process of socialisation in education.
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Role Models
A person who the individual looks to and copies off to perform a particular role. It is how the media and the family influence socialisation (process)
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Sanctions
A person can
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

Means we are directed by our environment and the things that surround us. That we are raised by our area.

Back

Nurture

Card 3

Front

the way of life shared by members of a society, or a group of people.

Back

Preview of the back of card 3

Card 4

Front

traditional norms such as wearing black at funerals is important to show respect, or not upstaging the bride as its deemed as rude.

Back

Preview of the back of card 4

Card 5

Front

The ideas and beliefs the culture think are important like protecting children and animal welfare.

Back

Preview of the back of card 5
View more cards

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