Sociology revision flash cards
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- Created by: AdamMather
- Created on: 30-03-22 16:06
What is medical dominance?
Where the medical profession has an imbalance of power and this is used to control the health of the population
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What is medicalisation?
Illich (1976) ‘Medicalisation of life’ challenges medical dominance through iatrogenesis as more and more nonmedical problems are brought into the sphere of biomedicine and treated as medical problems
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What is iatrogenesis?
Brought forth by the healer
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What are the three dimensions of medicalisation?
Clinical - Complications and side effects of treatment which makes the patient worse or causes new conditions
Social - Society made sick by the medical profession to make them consumers of medicine - for economic gain e.g pharmaceutical companies
Cultural
Social - Society made sick by the medical profession to make them consumers of medicine - for economic gain e.g pharmaceutical companies
Cultural
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Which theories thing medicalisation is good?
Functionalism - Parsons sick role - illness is deviance as health makes society function - if youre off sick then youre being a burden on society
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What else does functionalism say why its good?
Medicalisation provides fixes for illness and therefore keeps people in work/contributing to the economy and society
Health as a functional capacity - Blaxter 1982 - being able to go to work and look after the kids
Health as a functional capacity - Blaxter 1982 - being able to go to work and look after the kids
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Why does Marxism see medicalisation as being bad? Friedson (1970)
Friedson (1970) argues the medical profession has achieved its dominant position through creating and maintaining control of technological procedures and practices
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Why else do marxists see it as a negative?
(continued)
(continued)
Reflects social inequalities of capitalism - imbalance of power (doctors - bourgiouse and lay people - proletariat)
Would argue that capitalist society uses it as social control and to oppress the population
Illnesses reflect social inequalities - rich ha
Would argue that capitalist society uses it as social control and to oppress the population
Illnesses reflect social inequalities - rich ha
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Why do feminists think medicalisation is a negative thing? Shuttleworth (1990) dull the mind
Shuttleworth (1990) Medical profession - imbalance of power and oppresive to women - womens health in ninteenth century thought to be from the ability to control their body - any exertion of the mind would impact the menstrual flow and cause illness - wom
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Feminism (continued) - Foucoult (1963) clinical gaze
Only focuses on things that fit into a framework and leaves out other information - tends to dismiss female problems
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Feminism (continued)
Medicalisation a form of social control - pregnancy and chilbirth taken way from women and now taken away from midwives and given to male doctors
Inequality - e.g pain relief, under diagnosis “the female condition” - women expected to put up with it
Inequality - e.g pain relief, under diagnosis “the female condition” - women expected to put up with it
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Social contruction of medical profession/medicine
Nettleton (2008) social construction of health and illness - old myths are now disregarded by new scientific facts and views change as we move forward so it is believed that the medical industry is socially constructed - can argue scientific fact can be r
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Driven by powers at be / institutions Lupton (2007)
Lupton (2007) medicalisation exists to maintain social order and to keep people working, and to also give curative treatment instead of preventative to gain profit (political economy perspective)
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Driven by powers at be Illich (1976) medicalisation thesis
Was a critique of biomedicine and stated that more and more things are being brought into the sphere of biomedicine, things that werent medical problems e.g pregnancy - to socially control us and have more control over our lives
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Feminism take on medicalisation being driven by powers at be Foucault (1963)
States that only things that fell under a biomedicine framework were taken into consideration and any other problem was ignored or deemed irrelevant (women oppressed by medical institution and controlled by them)
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Feminism view on medicalisation continued (Shuttleworth 1990)
Believes that the medical profession oppresses women through imbalance of power - women were told not to exert the mind and told to dull the mind otherwise it would effect menstrual flow - causing women to be policed until suffrage movement
Women now had
Women now had
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Social constructionists think medicalisation is driven by powers at be - Nettleton (2008)
Definitions of illness trends (Can bring in mental health) - states that old myths are now disregarded by new scientific facts and views change as we move forward so it is believed that the medical industry is socially constructed - can argue scientific f
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Marxist view on medicalisation being driven by powers at be
Would say it is driven by powers at be so that the medical profession has power over lay people (Friedson 1970)
Reflects inequalities of capitalism - medical profession is bourgiouse and has power over lay people - proletariat
Would also argue that illnes
Reflects inequalities of capitalism - medical profession is bourgiouse and has power over lay people - proletariat
Would also argue that illnes
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Driven by consumer Baudrillard (1978)
Says we are identified by the things we buy and how we commodify ourselves - we buy things to take part in society so it is driven by us
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Driven by consumers (Clarke et al, 2003)
Biomedicalisation is where technoscience is used to enhance ourselves - this can be done through buying health products to make us more healthy - e.g fitbits or apple watches as we want to be more healthy
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Campbell (2005)
Medicalisation consumerism is a social condition that is important to peoples lives, society is driven by our wants, needs, desires and this is channeled through consumption
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Bauman (2007)
Society is driven by consumerism and by what we want, buy and desire and we all want better health so we buy better healthcare, beauty products, better food and drugs
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Lupton (1994)
Argues that being identified by the things we buy has a direct impact on our health and healthy choices
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Rose (2007)
Doctors dont force diagnostic labels on people - we make our own choices and are not passive and therefore we drive the markets to become healthier - lay health beliefs is looking healthy means you are healthy - link to feminism where women need to look g
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Illich (1976) ‘Medicalisation of life’ challenges medical dominance through iatrogenesis as more and more nonmedical problems are brought into the sphere of biomedicine and treated as medical problems
Back
What is medicalisation?
Card 3
Front
Brought forth by the healer
Back
Card 4
Front
Clinical - Complications and side effects of treatment which makes the patient worse or causes new conditions
Social - Society made sick by the medical profession to make them consumers of medicine - for economic gain e.g pharmaceutical companies
Cultural
Social - Society made sick by the medical profession to make them consumers of medicine - for economic gain e.g pharmaceutical companies
Cultural
Back
Card 5
Front
Functionalism - Parsons sick role - illness is deviance as health makes society function - if youre off sick then youre being a burden on society
Back
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