Socialisation is the process where the helpless infant becomes skilled in the culture they were born in.
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Handel
Developed the term individuation: a process of where a child becomes an individual, not just a product of their parents and society.
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Waddington
Developed the term canteen culture: where norms and values that exist within certain organisations have to be accepted e.g. racism within the police force.
3 of 19
Bowles and Gintis
Developed the term hidden curriculum: when students are taught to be obedient in a capitalist society.
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Gillborn
Questioned why the formal curriculum is so ethnocentric (only about their culture).
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Currie
Developed the term beautification: the media influences the audience.
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Mulvey
Developed the term the male gaze: the idea that Hollywood has the audience view the movie from the male protagonist’s viewpoint which sexualise women.
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Young
Developed the term bulimic society: where everyone has a constant desire to binge on everything even if they cannot afford it, which was created by the media.
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Oakley
Developed the four ways of socialisation: Manipulation, canalisation, verbal appellation and different activities.
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Charles
Points out that Oakley’s approach does not explain why in most societies, men are socialised into a dominant role and not women.
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Archer and Lloyd
Argue that Oakley’s approach puts too much emphasis on the role of the family and ignores the importance of peer groups, and that biology and culture also play a role in gender socialisation.
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Kessler and McKenna
Argue that the choice to regard one another as male or female is socially produced the way gender roles are.
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Myers
Some children are encouraged to be hostile towards patriarchy and develop egalitarian views.
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Mead
Studied the Chambri Tribe and found that gender norms are socially constructed.
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Skelton and Francis
Analysed the way children interact in primary schools and found that boys dominate the space.
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Lees
Looked at the peer pressure put on teenage girls and double standards.
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Harris
Looked at how peer groups have a bigger influence than family and found that peers don’t push they pull meaning that individuals have a desire to conform.
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Sewell
Developed the term cultural comfort zones: where ethnic minorities tend to socialise with people from their own ethnic background.
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Modood and Berthoud
Some cultures are more influenced by religion than others with an example being that 67% of Bangladeshi/Pakistani youth saw religion as very important in comparison to 5% of white British youth.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
Developed the term individuation: a process of where a child becomes an individual, not just a product of their parents and society.
Back
Handel
Card 3
Front
Developed the term canteen culture: where norms and values that exist within certain organisations have to be accepted e.g. racism within the police force.
Back
Card 4
Front
Developed the term hidden curriculum: when students are taught to be obedient in a capitalist society.
Back
Card 5
Front
Questioned why the formal curriculum is so ethnocentric (only about their culture).
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