Social Psychology

What is obedience?

Complying to the demands of others, particularly those in positions of authority.

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MILGRAM AGENCY THEORY - Claims?

We switch between two states - the agentic and the autonomous.

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MILGRAM AGENCY THEORY - Components?

1- Agentic State. 2- Autonomous State.

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MILGRAM AGENCY THEORY - Credibility S or W?

Strength - Considerable research supporting theory.

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MILGRAM AGENCY THEORY - Application S or W?

Strength - Can be usefully applied to explain the actions of war criminals.

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MILGRAM AGENCY THEORY - Weakness?

Ignores dispositional reasons, such as personality

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MILGRAM AGENCY THEORY - What is the AGENTIC state?

Occurs when people act as if they are an agent for authoirtiy. They take no responsibility.

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MILGRAM AGENCY THEORY - What is the AUTONOMOUS state?

Occurs when people act as if they are free to make their own choices and they have free will.

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LATANE SOCIAL IMPACT THEORY - Claims?

Social impact is governed by 3 laws - Social Forces, Multiplication/division of impact and psychosocial law.

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LATANE SOCIAL IMPACT THEORY - Components?

i = f(SIN)

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LATANE SOCIAL IMPACT THEORY - Application S or W?

Strength - Use of mathematical equation means that predictions can be made to help society.

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LATANE SOCIAL IMPACT THEORY - Credibility S or W?

Strength - Supported by Milgram's research into obedience

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LATANE SOCIAL IMPACT THEORY - Supporting evidence?

Evidence from Milgram's Study + Variations.

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LATANE SOCIAL IMPACT THEORY - Refuting Evidence?

No evidence that says obedience is response to an individual + not from groups.

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MILGRAM ORIGINAL STUDY - Year it took place?

1963

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MILGRAM ORIGINAL STUDY - Aims?

Investigate what level of obedience would be shown when participants were told by an authority figure to administer electric shocks to another person.

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MILGRAM ORIGINAL STUDY - Procedure? (brief)

Naive participant acted as a teacher giving increasing levels of (simulated) electric shocks to a learner when they gave a wrong answer.

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MILGRAM ORIGINAL STUDY - Results?

All 40 delivered shocks up to 300v. 65% delivered maximum shocks of 450v.

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MILGRAM ORIGINAL STUDY - Conclusion?

The most important factor determining obedience is the situation.

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How do you describe a study?

APRC.

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How do you describe a theory?

Claims + Components.

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How do you evaluate a study?

RAVES.

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How do you evaluate a theory?

CARS.

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MILGRAM VARIATION 1 BRIDGEPORT - Aims?

Investigate what level of obedience would be shown when participants were told by an authority figure to administer electric shocks to another person, and eliminate Yale University's possible prestige as a factor.

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MILGRAM VARIATION 1 BRIDGEPORT - Procedure?

All the same as Original Study (1963), except the experiment took place in a run-down office in Bridgeport, Connecticut instead of prestigous Yale.

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MILGRAM VARIATION 1 BRIDGEPORT - Results?

All 40 delivered shocks up to 300v. 47.5% delivered maximum shock of 450v.

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MILGRAM VARIATION 1 BRIDGEPORT - Conclusion?

One of the factors determining obedience is the situation but it is not a crucial factor.

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MILGRAM VARIATION 2 TELEPHONIC - Describe?

Experimenter is away from the participants and out of sight. Instructions given over telephone.

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MILGRAM VARIATION 2 TELEPHONIC - Results?

Obedience dropped. 22.5% (9/40) continued to 450v.

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MILGRAM VARIATION 3 ORDINARY MAN - Describe?

Replaced authority figure with ordinary man.

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MILGRAM VARIATION 3 ORDINARY MAN -Results?

Obedience dropped. 20% continued to 450v.

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ATKINSON & SHIFFIN MULTI-STORE THEORY - Claims?

Memory consists of 3 distinct memory stores.

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BADDELEY & HITCH WORKING MEMORY THEORY - Claims?

STM consists of 3 different distinct memory stores

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BARTLETT RECONSTRUCTIVE MEMORY - Claims?

Memories are not exact copies of what is encoded but they are affected by schemas.

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TULVING EPISODIC & SEMANTIC THEORY - Claims?

LTM is divided into episodic and semantic memory stores.

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ATKINSON & SHIFFIN MULTI-STORE THEORY -Components?

1 - Sensory Register, 2 - Short Term Memory, 3 - Long Term Memory.

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Social Psychology

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