The basic structural and functional unit of all living things
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Bacteria
One type of single-celled microorganism. They don't have a nucleus. Some bacteria may cause disease
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Respiration
A series of chemical reactions in cells that release energy for the cell to use.
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Enzymes
A protein that catalyses (speeds up) chemical reactions in living things.
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Photosynthesis
The process in green plants that uses energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into the sugar glucose.
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Proteins
Chemicals in living things that are polymers made by joining together amino acids.
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Amino acids
The small molecule that are joined in long chains to make proteins.
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Active Site
The part of an enzyme that the reacting part of the molecules fits into.
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Lock-and-key model
Molecules taking part in a chemical reaction fit exactly into the enzyme's active site. The active site will not fit other molecules it is specific. Like a key fitting into a lock
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Starch
A type of carbohydrate which is found in bread potatoes and rice. Plants produce starch to store energy food they make by photosynthesis. These molecules are long of glucose molecules
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Catalysts
A chemical that starts or speeds up a chemical reaction but is not used up in the process
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Denatured
A change in the usual nature of something. When enzymes are denatured by heat their structure is changed as well as the active site.
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Optimum temperature
The tempreture at which the enzymes work fastest
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Chlorophyll
a green pigment found in choroplasts. Chlorophyll absorbs energy from sunlight for photosynethis
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Chloroplast
An organelle found in some plants where photosynthesis takes place
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Cellulose
The chemical that makes up most of the fibre in food. The human body cannot digest cellulose.
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Cell wall
Ridged outer layer of plant cells and bacteria
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Cell membrane
Thin layer surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell. It restricts the passage of substances into and out of the cell.
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Nucleus
Organelle that contains the chromosomes cells of plants, animals, fungi and some microorganisms
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Cytoplasm
Gel enclosed by the cell membrane that contains that contains the cell organelles such as mitochondria.
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glucose
Sugar produced during photosynthesis.
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diffusion
Movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to a region of lower concentration
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osmosis
the diffusion of water across a partially permeable membrane.
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partially permeable membranes
a membrane that s
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
One type of single-celled microorganism. They don't have a nucleus. Some bacteria may cause disease
Back
Bacteria
Card 3
Front
A series of chemical reactions in cells that release energy for the cell to use.
Back
Card 4
Front
A protein that catalyses (speeds up) chemical reactions in living things.
Back
Card 5
Front
The process in green plants that uses energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into the sugar glucose.
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