Science

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  • Created by: LS. 3
  • Created on: 09-01-19 20:14
What are the four main factors affecting rate of reaction? C6
Temperature, Concentration of Pressure, Surface Area and Catalyst
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What is a catalyst? C6
It speeds up the reaction without being used up and decreases the activation energy
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How do you measure the change in mass? C6
If a gas is given off
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What are results? C6
It is subjective so everyone gets different results.
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How do you measure the volume of gas? C6
Given off using a gas syringe
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What is Le Chatelier's principle? C6
A reversible reaction will try to counteract a change made
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What is dynamic equilibrium? C6
It is a special type of reversible reaction
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How do you calculate the mean rate of a reaction? C6
Change in y/change in x
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What does hydrocarbon contain? C7
It contain's only hydrogen and carbon
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What is fractional distillation? C7
It is a methood that is a mixture of hydrocarbons that can be separated
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Name the substances from the bottom of the tank, hottest, to the top.
Bitumen, Heavy fuel oil, Disel oil, Kerosene, Petrol
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What is the use of crude oil? C7
It is used for fuel and feedstock, organic compounds
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What are the properties of hyrocarbons? C7
As the hydrocarbon chain gets smaller, it become MORE FLAMMABLE, MORE RUNNY, LOWER BOILING POINT
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What are alkenes? C7
Contain a C=C double bond and is more reactive than alkanes
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What can it be tested for? C7
Can be tested for with bromine water (orange) which will go colourless when alkene is present. It will stay orange if it is an alkane
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What is the complete combustion equation? C7
Hydrocarbon + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
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What does Alkanes do in complete combustion? C7
Alkanes combust completely in air so release lots of energy. This makes them good fuels
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What is cracking? C7
Short chain alkanes are in demand so use cracking to break down long chain hydrocarbons
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What is cracking? C7
It is a thermal decomposition reaction
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How can you test for purity in a substance? C8
Can be tested by measuring the melting or boiling point of the substance and comparing to a known value for the pure substance
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What is formulations? C8
Mixtures made by a formula
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What are formulations important for? C8
For producing drugs and also found in cleaning products
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How do you test for oxygen? C8
Place glowing splint in test tube, relight if oxygen is present
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What is the test for carbon dioxide? C8
Bubble through limewater (calcium hydroxide) will turn cloudy
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What is the test for hydrogen? C8
Hold a lit splint at the end of a test tube and will produce a squeaky pop if hydrogen is present
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What is the test for hydrogen? C8
Will bleach damp litmus paper making it turn white
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What are the 2 technical terms in paper chromatography? C8
Mobile/stationary phase
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How do you calculate the Rf? C8
Distance travelled by substance/distance travelled by solvent
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What happened in evolution of the atmosphere 1? C8
Volcanoes give off carbon dioxide, nitrogen, water vapour, methane and ammonia. Most of the atmospher was co2, no oxygen
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What happend in evolution of the atmosphere 2? C8
Water vapour condensed forming oceans and co2 dissolved in the oceans on the sea floor. Also green plants and algae did photosynthesis and marine animals eveloved and skull contained carbonates.
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Evolution of the atmosphere 3
Green plants and algae photosynthesis (c02 + h20 = c6h12o6 + o2) 20% oxygen, 80% nitogen, 1% other gases
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When did algae and plants evolve? C9
Algae = 2.7 billion yrs ago, Plants = next billion years
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Short wave radiation is...
Not absorbed by greenhouse gases
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Long wave radiation...
Absorbed by greenhouse gases then re-radiated back to Earth, warming the surface
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What is carbon footprints? C9
A measure of how much greenhouse gases are released over the entire life cycle
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Carbon footprint factors? C9
Renewable or nuclear energy sources, more efficient processes to reduce energy use and waste
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How we contribute to climate change? C9
Deforstation, Burning fossil fuels, Agriculture, Waste
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(Air Pollution) Carbon monoxide? C9
Caused by incomplete combustion, it prevents blood carrying oxygen by binding to haemoglobin
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(Air Pollution) Sulphur dioxide? C9
Released by burning fossil fuels, causes acid rain
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(Air Pollution) Nitrogen oxides? C9
Formed when n2 and 02 react in hot engines, acid rain
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How is water cleaned? C10
Water is filtered through mesh then sand and gravel to remove solids and sterilised.
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(Waste water treatment) Screened? C10
Large material removed
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(Waste water treatment) Sedimentation? C10
Water allowed to stand in a tank so heavier solids sink
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(Waste water treatment) Aerobic digestion? C10
Air pumped through the effluent liquid
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What doe sustainability mean? C10
Taking into account the needs of the current generation but not damaging future generation
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Life cycle assesments 4? C10
The raw material, manufacturing and packaging, using the product, disposal
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What is a catalyst? C6

Back

It speeds up the reaction without being used up and decreases the activation energy

Card 3

Front

How do you measure the change in mass? C6

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

What are results? C6

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

How do you measure the volume of gas? C6

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
View more cards

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