forms when molten magma or lava cools and becomes solid. igneous rock that has solidified on the surface of the earth has small crystals. igneous rock that has solidified underground has large crystals.
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how are sedimentary rocks formed?
when tiny particles (sediment) settle on ocean floor. over time more settle on top and pressure causes layer to harden.
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how are metamorphic rocks formed?
formed from sedimentary rock that has come under heat and pressure underground. this causes an arrangement of the crystals in the rock to change.
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intrusive igneous rocks?
cools slowly under the ground because it is insulated by the surrounding rock. it forms rock with large crystals.
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Extrusive igneous rocks?
cools quickly above the ground. it forms rock with small crystals
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when do fossils form in sedimentary rock?
WHEN-organisms fall into sediment. there is not enough oxygen to cause the organism to decay. organism has hard enough parts to leave a caste in the forming rock. water filtering through the rock deposits minerals in the caste.
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what erodes rocks?
wind and water, produccing small fragments
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REMEMBER
fossils are only found in sedimentary rock not in igneous or metamorphic
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problems with quarrying limestone
creates noise and dust, and damages animal habitats. transporting limestone contributes to traffic congestion and road damage
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advantages with quarrying limestone
provides jobs for those near the quarry. industries using limestone are important for both the local and national economy
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what is limestone used to make?
glass (heating limestone, sodium carbonate and sand together). cement (heating limestone and clay). concrete (mixing sand,gravel, cement and water)
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how can the negative impacts of quarrying be minimised?
restricting the size of quarry's. only blasting quarry's at specific times. using water sprays to reduce the amount of dust created. creating earth barricades to reduce the noise impact of blasting. reclaiming land when quarry closes.
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how are crystals formed?
formd by atoms or molecules fitting together in rigid structures with regular lines and particle layers.
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Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
how are sedimentary rocks formed?
Back
when tiny particles (sediment) settle on ocean floor. over time more settle on top and pressure causes layer to harden.
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