Russia 1917-91 | Agriculture and Industry - Stalin

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How would Stalin achieve industrialisation?
Five-Year Plans
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What was the state-planning agency responsible for setting Five-Year Plan targets?
Gosplan
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What did Stalin argue he created? Said 'plans' essentially target list.
Planned economy
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Military, Economics, Ideology, Political
Reasons why Stalin launched Five-Year Plans
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What was the military reasoning behind the plans?
Stalin argued Russia had to industrialise to prepare for war w/ Capitalist nations.
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What was the economic reasoning behind the plans?
The NEP failed to further industrialisation.
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What was the ideological reasoning behind the plans?
Stalin wanted to abolish the Capitalist market.
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What was the political reasoning behind the plans?
Stalin won left-wing support by removing Capitalism.
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What was the main sector (and therefore biggest success) in the plans?
Heavy industry
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What lacked focus in the plans?
Consumer goods
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What main outputs increased as part of heavy industry?
Electricity, coal & steel, oil
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What was produced as a result of heavy investment in iron & steel factories?
New coalmines and oil wells.
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What opened as a result of transport output?
Moscow Metro train lines; Moscow-Volga canal.
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What did low labour productivity lead to?
Stakhanovite movement, propaganda campaign praising work of Alexi Stakhanov (mined 14 times his quota in 1 shift).
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While quantity of production was high, what was low in contrast?
Quality
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Around how much produce was wasted during the plans due to poor transport and co-ordination?
40%
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Why is falsified data more difficult for economic management?
Effective planning needs accurate data.
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What process made smaller, private farms merge together to make larger, state-owned farms consisting of between 20 & 150 families?
Collectivisation
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What's the Russian word for a collective farm?
Kolkhoz.
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What were the causes of collectivisation?
Political (Stalin could win leftist support), Economic (government could take more wealth from farms), NEP failure, Ideological (Communists wanted end to private farm ownership)
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What was a kulak?
A rich peasant.
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What were the consequences of collectivisation?
Falling production; Famine; Modernisation; Grain procurement; Slow recovery
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Were collective farms more or less productive than NEP farms?
Less
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At best, what did the 75,000 tractors provided by Machine Tractor Stations make up for?
The 17 million horses lost due to collectivisation.
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Other cards in this set

Card 2

Front

What was the state-planning agency responsible for setting Five-Year Plan targets?

Back

Gosplan

Card 3

Front

What did Stalin argue he created? Said 'plans' essentially target list.

Back

Preview of the front of card 3

Card 4

Front

Military, Economics, Ideology, Political

Back

Preview of the front of card 4

Card 5

Front

What was the military reasoning behind the plans?

Back

Preview of the front of card 5
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