1. Soldiers were badly equipped 2. Tsar head of the army = responsible for defeats 3. 9 million casualties by 1917 4. Tsarina + Rasputin in charge in Russia(increasingly unpopular) 5.Food shortages and inflation=railway couldn't get into towns+cities
1 of 18
What happened in the 1917 February (March) Revolution ?
1. January 1917:Strike in a armaments factory in Petrograd 2.Bread March by Women (March) 3.Riots 4.People started to oppose the Tsar openly 5.Troops joined in the riots
2 of 18
Why did the Tsar abdicate?
2 March 1917 : He was forced to abdicate - His troops that he relied on turned against him therefore the Tsar was left weak
3 of 18
How was Russia governed after the Tsar's abdication ?
Dual Power - The provisional government & The Petrograd Soviet (They had more power)
4 of 18
What mistakes did the provisional government make ?
They didn't stop the war, they didn't give the peasants land , They did nothing about the food shortages = they thought that this is the job of the next government
5 of 18
What is the April Theses ?
Lenin returned to Petrograd April 1917 and published 'April Theses' : Peace ,Bread ,Land and all power to the soviets
6 of 18
What is the Kornilov revolt?
General Kornilov believed that Kerensky was going to become a dictator . He ordered his arrest. As the army marched on Petrograd,Kerensky asked the Bolsheviks to save him. Lenin agreed if they were let out of jail and given weapons.
7 of 18
How did the Bolsheviks gain power?
Support for the Bolsheviks grew;The red guard seized key locations like:railway stations,post offices,winter palace;Kerensky fled and the Bolsheviks took over;the revolution was perfectly organised by Trotsky
8 of 18
Describe Lenin's regime .
He ran as a dictator and set up a secret police (CHEKA) to enforce his policies;Buisnesses were taken over;ranks in the army abolished;lands and wealth of the Church were confiscated; Land Decree:land belonged to the peasants who farmed it
9 of 18
What happened to the war?
Peace Decree :The war ended;Treaty of Brest-Litovsk signed with Germany . Russia lost 25% of its population,25% of its iron and wheat + had to pay 300,000 gold roubles
10 of 18
Who did the Bolsheviks fight in the civil war ?
The Whites
11 of 18
Why did the Bolsheviks /Red's win ?
Well equipped;good leadership(Trotsky);good communications;made the whites seem that they were with the foreigners+wanted the Tsar back;ruthless control;controlled major towns+factories+industries
12 of 18
Why were the whites rubbish?
They couldn't agree;fought for different purposes;often more brutal than the Bolsheviks
13 of 18
What was War communism ?
Industry+Land were the States;food and coal rationed;Surplus produce taken;Red Terror=Opposition destroyed (by the Cheka) - 50,000 Russians murdered in 1918-1921
14 of 18
What were the effects of War Communism ?
Workers were poor/restless;Major famine-5,000,000 people died;Kronstadt Mutiny against War Communism (March 1921)
15 of 18
What was the New Economic Policy?
Peasants could keep their surplus grain to sell at a profit;Small factories were given back to private ownership;Small private businesses could be set up to trade at a profit
16 of 18
What were the effects of the New Economic Policy ?
Many Industries were still state owned; Some thought that the NEP was a betrayal to Communism;built up a rising middle class (Kulaks)
17 of 18
How important was Lenin?
Led a Communist Revolution;Created a powerful Communist party; Established the USSR;;The communist party controlled all aspects of life
18 of 18
Other cards in this set
Card 2
Front
What happened in the 1917 February (March) Revolution ?
Back
1. January 1917:Strike in a armaments factory in Petrograd 2.Bread March by Women (March) 3.Riots 4.People started to oppose the Tsar openly 5.Troops joined in the riots
Card 3
Front
Why did the Tsar abdicate?
Back
Card 4
Front
How was Russia governed after the Tsar's abdication ?
Back
Card 5
Front
What mistakes did the provisional government make ?
Comments
No comments have yet been made