Rivers 2.0 / 5 based on 1 rating ? GeographyWater and riversGCSEOCR Created by: LauraCreated on: 18-04-13 17:52 How do you measure discharge? area x speed 1 of 21 what are Gauging stations? stations that measure discharge 2 of 21 what does a hydrograph show? how a river reacts to a storm 3 of 21 what lag time is more likely to flood? shorter lag time 4 of 21 when does deposition happen? when the river loses energy and can't carry them anymore 5 of 21 what a river deposits first heavier things. rocks and then sand etc. 6 of 21 upland areas in the UK have: -heavy rain and snow -steep slopes -impermeable rock -thin soils and little vegetation 7 of 21 rivers in upland areas have: -steep and uneven courses -narrow, rocky channels -short lag times 8 of 21 what factors affect lag time and peak flow? (CLIMATE) -rainfall -snowmelt 9 of 21 what factors affect lag time and peak flow? (RIVER BASIN) -vegetation -slopes -soil -rock type 10 of 21 factors affecting lag time and peak flow- HUMAN ACTIVITY (INCREASE) -planting -dams -extraction of water -storing flood water on flood plain 11 of 21 factors affecting lag time and peak flow- HUMAN ACTIVITY (DECREASE) -draining fields -deforestation -building houses etc. -straightening rivers and increasing height of banks 12 of 21 what is a long profile? the slope the river follows 13 of 21 when do rivers flow the fastest? when the channel is full 14 of 21 when is there maximum energy to overcome friction? when the discharge is high 15 of 21 when is there maximum erosion and transportation? when it's full 16 of 21 what don rivers in lowland areas in the UK have? -low gradients, gentle long profiles -wide, deep, smooth channels -longer lag times 17 of 21 what do lowland areas in the UK have? -less rain -gentler slopes -less resistant rocks -deeper soils and more vegetation 18 of 21 what are v shaped valleys? -river erodes down by abrasion -sides become unstable 19 of 21 what are interlocking spurs? rivers flow between interlocking spurs of hard rock 20 of 21 when are waterfalls made? when the hard rock ends it falls off and erodes through the soft rock 21 of 21
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